Decentralized Finance (DeFi) is a sector within the cryptocurrency and blockchain space which aims to provide a decentralized version of the products available in traditional finance- without central control and at a lower cost with potentially higher returns. These products include loans, interest-bearing deposits and borrowing services.
The advantages of decentralized finance are that it addresses the problems we have with the traditional banking system. For example, decentralized finance protocols are controlled by multiple people, and all participants are required to abide by the rules written into the smart contracts underlying the protocols.
Serum ($SRM) is a decentralized exchange (DEX) that offers cross-chain trading at a speed and efficiency that rivals centralized exchanges. It runs on the Solana blockchain but will be fully interoperable with Ethereum as well as Bitcoin.
Learn how to trade on Serum DEX with Aldrin and Raydium in this video:
There are several factors that make Serum unique. Serum is a protocol that is fully decentralized down to the core, unlike most decentralized finance (DeFi) platforms today. In fact, it does not utilize oracle price feeds at all. Instead of using the traditional automated market maker model, Serum DEX facilitates decentralized automated limit order books. Serum end-users can place orders with fully automated matching through an on-chain order book. This allows traders to have more control over their trades.
What is the difference between Bonfida, Aldrin, Raydium, and all these markets listed on Serum?
When you go onto the trading section on Serum, you are presented with all these markets such as Bonfida, Mango Markets, Aldrin and Raydium to name a few. But what is the difference between all these markets listed on Serum DEX? And are they the “real” Serum?
Well, it turns out all these markets are the “real” Serum. These markets are decentralized apps (dApps) available on Serum DEX because the DEX gives users the opportunity to create their own custom financial products and dApps. These dApps can be found by entering the Serum portal and are part of the Serum ecosystem with their own interface, each competing with the other to provide the best user experience.
In this article, we will explore the functions of two of the most popular dApps available on Serum: Aldrin and Raydium.
How to use Raydium on Serum DEX
What is Raydium?
Raydium is the first automated market maker (AMM) built on Solana, enabled with lightning-fast trades, shared liquidity, and yield earning. The swap function is the simplest function available and the most user-friendly for beginner traders.
How to trade on Raydium- Swap feature?
To access this feature, simply click on the ‘Swap’ tab and you will be redirected to the page below.
Step 1: Swap tab
Next, you will need to connect your wallet. Once your wallet is connected, you can expand each drop-down menu to select the tokens you would like to swap. ‘From’ is the token you will pay and ‘To” is the token you will buy during the trade.
After selecting the tokens, you can input the amount you would like to pay and receive an estimate of the amount you will receive.
Step 2: insert amount
Before confirming the trade, you will want to take note of the price impact. Price impact is the difference between the market price and estimated price due to trade size. Typically, you would want minimal price impact so if the amount is 1% or 2%, you might want to reconsider the trade. This is especially important for tokens with a smaller market cap.
To proceed with the trade, simply click on the Swap button and approve the transaction. The transaction will then be processed and completed.
Raydium’s swap feature is simple to use and the speed of the Solana blockchain allows transactions to complete almost instantly. However, the tokens you can swap are limited and because of its simplicity, more experienced traders do not have access to additional features such as limit orders.
To access these more advanced features, we like to use Aldrin.
How to use Aldrin on Serum DEX?
What is Aldrin?
Aldrin is a decentralized exchange (DEX) on Solana that seeks to simplify the process of digital asset trading for both beginners and advanced traders alike. There are many token pairs that can be traded on the exchange. The dashboard for traders is also pretty comprehensive and informative, with an option for users to review important token data before they conduct their trades. Aldrin makes it easier for traders to find the website of a token, its trade analytics, and other pertinent data about it.
How to trade on Aldrin?
To trade on Aldrin, head over to their DEX and make sure you have the Trade tab selected.
Aldrin Step 1: trade tab
Connect your wallet and select the token pair you would like to trade. For this example, we will use SOL/USDC.
Adrin example SOL
Under the Order Book section, you can see all the current buy and sell activities by other traders.
Adrin Step 3: Book section
Aldrin’s order book allows both limit orders as well as market orders.
Aldrin Step 4: Select Limit Order or Market Order
Market orders are transactions meant to execute as quickly as possible at the current market price, which may fluctuate. Limit orders allow you to set the maximum or minimum price at which you are willing to buy or sell, and the transaction will only be executed when the target price is achieved.
How to place a market order on Aldrin?
To place a market order, select the ‘Market’ tab and input the amount you would like to buy or sell.
Aldrin Step 5: Input amount
Once you have entered an amount to buy or sell, you will see the amount you will receive for the trade. Then, you can click on the Buy or Sell button to submit the trade. Upon approving the transaction, the trade will be executed.
For first time users, it is important to note that after the trade has been executed, the funds will remain in your trading account and will not return to your wallet until you have settled your balances on the exchange.
Aldrin Final Step: Settle Balance
Simply click on Settle All and you will be able to see your funds in your wallet.
How to place a limit order on Aldrin?
To place a limit order, select the ‘Limit’ tab then input the amount you would like to buy or sell and the price you want to buy or sell it at.
Aldrin Limit Order Step 1
Once you have submitted the trade, you can go into the Open Orders tab to view all your orders.
Aldrin Limit Order Step 2: View Order
If you wish to cancel the order before it executes, you can do so by clicking on the Cancel button.
Staking on Aldrin
Staking is a passive way to grow your crypto holdings by securely locking up your selected crypto holding in return for tokenized rewards. The more tokens you stake, the more rewards you can earn. Aldrin allows you to stake RIN and mSOL tokens.
Head over to the Staking tab to access this feature. Make sure your wallet is connected.
Aldrin Staking Step 1
Click on View to select the token you would like to stake.
Aldrin Staking view order
You will be able to see the estimated staking rewards, in this case it is 35.66% APR (Annual Percentage Rate). Below it, you can see the APR amount is split into two. The first APR is calculated based on fixed treasury rewards and the second APR is calculated based on the current token price and the average AMM fees.
Enter the amount of tokens you would like to offer and click on Stake. The entered amount will show up in your Total Staked. Staking rewards are generated hourly and you can see the accumulation in the Rewards section.
Staking lockup lasts for one hour from the time of deposit. You will not be able to withdraw your tokens until the lock is lifted. You may click on Unstake All to enable termination.
Staking rewards are calculated hourly. These are then accumulated and paid out on the 27th of each month along with AMM fee revenue. You can add these new funds to your wallet by clicking the Claim button.
Conclusion: Main features and advantages of Serum DEX
Serum DEX is a very exciting project on the DeFi scene with a lot of promise. It has several advantages over other DeFi-based exchanges at the moment, which include:
Lightning fast speed
Low cost fees
Full decentralization
Cross-chain support
Fantastic user interface (UI) and user experience (UX)
It is also more scalable than almost any other DeFi platform in existence, made possible by the Solana blockchain. As more users join the Serum ecosystem, it will be interesting to see where this project can go and the innovations that will arise from it.
Ethereum 2.0 is coming soon and the question everyone wants to know is “will it cause crypto prices to crash?” This is particularly as markets around the globe are not looking great, and that includes the crypto industry. Everything has been bleeding heavily for months without a sign of stopping, as central banks keep hiking rates, global supply chains struggle, and spending and investment dry up. Stagflation is a very real possibility, and there is no telling how long it will take for us to cool down the overheated markets that have been going only up since the last recession more than ten years ago.
The aforementioned notwithstanding, active development in the blockchain space continues to march forward. Although investments might drop significantly, many builders keep on building no matter the state of the markets. As Ethereum is steadily approaching the long-awaited transition from proof-of-work (PoW) to proof-of-stake (PoS), dubbed The Merge, it might be interesting to think about potential impacts of The Merge on the crypto market prices, especially in the context of a potential extended bear market.
In short, The Merge will result in Eth2.0’s Beacon chain (the coordination mechanism of the new network) merging with the current Ethereum mainnet, signifying the move to a fully PoS chain. To secure the network, enormous amounts of ETH will be staked in addition to the ETH already staked in the Beacon chain, making all of this locked ETH illiquid. Combined with the EIP-1559 upgrade, which now burns 70-80% of the fees, The Merge is expected to cause the equivalent of 3 bitcoin halvenings, dropping Ethereum’s inflation rate to 0.43% and locking up a lot of ETH, potentially reducing sell pressure by up to 90%. In addition, the PoS mechanism will reduce Ethereum’s energy consumption by up to 99.95%.
So all is looking great for Ethereum and projects building on top of it, right? Possibly. However, there is still a decent chance that, given the current market conditions, ETH’s price pump might be short-lived, and would continue to drop, bringing down a lot of other projects with it.
The Potential Impacts of The Merge
There are two possible scenarios to look at when discussing the downside impact of The Merge on crypto prices:
The external effect would be caused by Ethereum sucking out liquidity from other PoS alt-L1s and the projects built on top of them (especially if they’re EVM-compatible), as one of the more critical selling points compared to Ethereum is environmental sustainability.
Beacon chain staked ETH unlocks, extended bear market, and poor treasury management of Ethereum-backed projects could see more capitulation events as HODLers and projects sell off their ETH to stay afloat as new investments dry up and stagflation looms.
1. Ethereum Sucks Liquidity From Other PoS alt-L1’s
By offering lower gas fees, fast transactions, and relatively high throughput at the expense of decentralization and economic sustainability, many PoS chains have attracted developers, investors, and NFT ecosystems to their networks away from Ethereum. Ethereum’s high demand (=high fees), poor L1 scalability, and the concerning PoW mechanism have severely limited its growth. (https://rpdrlatino.com) Understandably, regular people simply do not want to pay exorbitant fees when minting and trading NFTs, and developing inaccessible dApps on a network that is supposedly destroying trees and warming up the planet.
The environmental argument will be completely invalid after the merge. Coupled with the enormous innovations in Ethereum’s L2 ecosystem, which have already reduced transaction fees to sub-$1 with no signs of stopping, Ethereum is set to once again become the most sought-after smart contract development platform. As post-Merge buy pressure of ETH increases and scalability improves, alt-L1’s could struggle to offer any significant unique selling points, making new projects opt to build on top of the most secure, established and decentralized smart contract chain out there.
As more and more people flock to Ethereum, established projects might also decide to migrate to the platform with the most demand and upside potential, effectively sucking out liquidity from other chains, and leaving them dry with evaporated treasuries, limited runway, and reduced demand. The strategy of subsidizing transaction fees during a bull market when funds are plentiful will likely not work when no new investments are coming in during a bear market, and an exodus of users is reducing demand and network revenues.
Of course, there is plenty of room for growth in this space, and projects existing on other chains might not find it too beneficial to move to Ethereum even though short-term liquidity issues might prove challenging.
2. Beacon Chain ETH Unlocks in Extended Bear Market Cause Mass Capitulation
The Merge will unlock a lot of ETH, resulting in a potential aggressive selling spree that might have trickle-down effects on a lot of other coins, especially those that have tight correlation with their ETH pair, are ERC-20 tokens, or have been sitting on ETH treasuries to fund their development. A lot more downside risk due to a selloff is also a very real possibility for ETH and other coins simply due to bad timing (i.e. bear market – with recession slowly creeping into our daily lives due to central banks raising interest rates, supply chain issues, energy crises etc.), the unlocked ETH might serve as a critical lifeline for those who had confidently staked their ETH during the bull market.
During the bear market, investments will be scarce, and projects that during the bull market had made the decision to not convert their treasury ETH to stablecoins are now seeing their wallets drop in value significantly, forcing them to capitulate by selling at low prices to cover their expenses.
However, it is important to note that the ETH unlocked from the ETH staked on the Beacon chain will not be immediately available right after The Merge. Rather, this feature – EIP-4895: “Beacon chain push withdrawals as operations”, will be enabled during the Shanghai upgrade. It will probably be deployed much later after The Merge, with estimates ranging from a month to 6 months. This means that any amount of potential sell-off of unlocked ETH would come with a significant delay post-Merge, at which point it’s impossible to predict where the market might be in 6-12 months and how it will behave, with contradicting bullish and bearish narratives clashing against one another in an attempt to drive price in either direction.
This option does seem a bit far-fetched, however, and no one knows how much more pain we will have to suffer before the momentum shifts towards the upside, so it’s best to be prepared for both the upside and downside, and not fall prey to only bullish narratives.
Conclusion
As outlined in the two main points, post-Merge many alt-L1 coins could face a risk of crashing even further due to risks associated with reduced liquidity in a bear market (for non-Ethereum coins), liquidity that might flow towards the Ethereum ecosystem due to its established security, track record, and newly acquired environmental sustainability.
On the other hand, ETH and other ERC-20 tokens living on Ethereum also run a risk of crashing, if the post-Merge ETH unlock from the Beacon chain results in a mass sell-off of ETH, which could crash other coins and project treasuries.
As this will be the first time the crypto industry experiences a recession or a stagflation, there is a lot of uncertainty about how low the market could go and, most importantly, how long it could stay so low. This is uncharted territory, so making comparisons with past cycles might not be particularly useful. Nations and companies will keep tightening their belts, and spending will significantly decrease across the board, leaving risk-on markets such as crypto vulnerable to a continued mass exodus to safer investments.
Web browsers have become an integral part of life — without them, there would be no easy way to navigate the internet. Even if you are not familiar with the term “browser,” you have definitely used one before. Google Chrome, Apple Safari, Mozilla Firefox, and Brave are just some of the major browsers available today.
When you visit a website, your browser sends a request to the server where that website is located. The server sends back the content you see on your screen. Seems simple enough. But then what about crypto browsers?
What is a Crypto Browser?
If you have not heard of a crypto browser, it is likely because many people also refer to them as blockchain browsers. Both terms refer to any web browser that supports Web 3.0 technologies, such as blockchain. More specifically, these browsers bridge the gap between today’s Web 2.0 experience and the decentralized internet envisioned by Web 3.0 enthusiasts. By making decentralized protocols accessible through a familiar interface, crypto browsers provide a critical gateway to the decentralized ecosystem, especially for newcomers.
Almost all crypto browsers integrate a crypto wallet that allows you to buy, sell, or store your cryptocurrencies. While some of these crypto wallets are built into the browser (aka “browser-native”), many operate as extensions. For example, the MetaMask and Phantom browser extension wallets facilitate crypto transactions on the Ethereum and Solana blockchains, respectively.
In addition to crypto wallets, some crypto browsers integrate marketplaces for decentralized applications (dApps). Finally, certain crypto browsers also provide incentives that reward everyone who uses their browser. These incentives include crypto payments and mining rewards.
How Crypto Browsers and dApps Interact
Decentralized applications (dApps) are similar to the centralized apps found on your computer and mobile device. However, unlike centralized platforms such as Apple Music or Spotify, dApps are built on decentralized blockchain networks. Instead of using the HTTP internet language to communicate with the web, dApps communicate with the blockchain using smart contracts.
Browser-based crypto wallets have become a common portal to Web 3.0 because they facilitate convenient dApp interactions. These dApps can be games, decentralized exchanges (DEXs), decentralized finance (DeFi) protocols, and more. Most of the dApps you access through a crypto browser will look like a regular website. However, you cannot interact with these platforms without a crypto browser. For example, the Uniswap DEX looks like a typical website on the front end, but to access the back end dApp, you will need an Ethereum-compatible crypto browser.
It is important to note that browser crypto wallets are compatible with a specific blockchain. For example, MetaMask will interact with dApps built on Ethereum, while Phantom only connects with dApps on Solana. As a result, you may have to install more than one wallet extension on your crypto browser. If you prefer a more secure option, select a browser with a built-in wallet that is compatible with the dApps you will use most often.
DApps That Can Be Accessed Using Crypto Browsers
So you now know that crypto browsers allow you to interact with Web 3.0 technologies using a familiar interface. However, you might be wondering what kind of dApps you can access with your crypto browser — let’s take a closer look at some examples.
Decentralized exchanges (DEXs)
DEX protocols such as Uniswap (Ethereum) and Pancake Swap (Binance Smart Chain) can communicate with crypto browser wallets. This functionality lets you hold crypto in a non-custodial wallet while keeping your funds available for trading.
Borrowing and lending protocols
Similar to DEXs, borrowing and lending protocols can communicate with your crypto browser wallet. For example, if you connect your non-custodial wallet to the Compound protocol, you gain the ability to borrow or lend several different cryptocurrencies.
Payment networks
Protocols like xDai Bridge and OmniBridge allow you to “wrap” cryptocurrency so you can use it on a faster, Layer 2 blockchain network. For example, you might connect your wallet to xDai Bridge to convert ether ($ETH) to wrapped ether ($wETH) on xDai.
Games and non-fungible tokens (NFTs)
Crypto browsers can also enable access to gaming dApps and NFT marketplaces. For example, you might use your non-custodial wallet to visit the OpenSea marketplace to purchase an Ethereum-based NFT or the Binance Chain Wallet to play My DeFi Pet.
Qualities of a Good Crypto Browser
When it comes to cryptocurrency, privacy and security are the most important qualities to look out for. The platform you use for dApps and trading crypto carries most of the responsibility of keeping your wallet and identity safe. But you still need a secure browser that protects your passwords and browsing history.
When deciding which crypto browser is best for you, consider the following questions. Does the crypto browser integrate privacy features like ad blocking, tracker blocking, or a VPN? In addition, does the crypto browser use a built-in wallet or rely on extension wallets? Finally, does the crypto browser issue incentives as crypto or mining rewards?
Built-in VPN — Several crypto exchanges, including popular ones like Binance and Kucoin, already let you trade crypto anonymously. If you want to take things a step further, getting a browser with a built-in VPN is a smart choice. The VPN hides your actual IP address and encrypts the traffic from your device.
If your preferred browser does not come with its own VPN, you can always install one as an extension. Just make sure to install one with a solid reputation.
Built-in Wallet — For now, having a browser with a built-in wallet is more of a convenience than a necessity. You can store and keep track of your coins within the browser, saving you from sharing your data with another platform.
Do you want a browser that is an active part of your crypto operations instead of a conduit to a crypto platform? Getting one with a built-in wallet helps. But you should know that this is an emerging feature, and there are not many browsers that carry this feature yet. You will have to choose from a pool with limited options if this is important to you.
Fast — In trading, when the difference between profit and loss can be quick decisions during market changes, you do not want to be stuck with an unreliable, unresponsive browser. You need something fast and dependable. Thankfully, a lot of browsers are great at this. Several of them are built on the Chromium engine, the fastest in the world.
Tab Stacking — Another non-technical quality that serves cryptocurrency operations is tab stacking. Your research on different assets involves opening multiple tabs. It is easy to lose track of the exact website for a piece of information.
With tab stacking, you can arrange every tab according to your preference. You can open a stack that contains multiple tabs about Ethereum and another on Bitcoin. That way, if you need to find a piece of information, you know where to find it.
The Best Crypto Browsers in 2022
Knowing the essential qualities you should keep an eye for in a crypto browser, let’s explore some of the best browsers that fit the criteria.
Brave
Brave boasts two things: speed and privacy. Both result from its ad-stripping strategy. Even for non-crypto traders, Brave has emerged as a solid competitor among legacy browsers. What sets Brave apart is its aggressive anti-ad attitude. The browser was built to strip online ads from websites and its maker’s business model relies not only on ad blocking, but on replacing the scratched-out ads with advertisements from its own network.
Brave also eliminates all ad trackers — the page components advertisers and site publishers deploy to identify users so that they know what other sites those users visit or have visited. Trackers are used by ad networks to show products similar to ones purchased, or just considered. This is why you sometimes keep seeing the same ad no matter where you navigate.
The Chromium-based browser calls its built-in ad and cookie blocker Brave Shield. It also allows you to choose if you want websites to recognize your device and script blocking. This ad-blocking feature not only makes the browser secure, but it also makes it faster. Since ad scripts are not allowed, websites tend to load faster. There is a built-in VPN too if you want to take your privacy to the next level.
Aside from general security and privacy, Brave has a crypto wallet built into the browser. You do not have to install an extension or go to a website to access your coins. It also means you are not susceptible to phishing scams. Brave Wallet is CoinGecko sourced and has support for multiple coins, NFTs, and Web 3.0 dApps. If you already have assets in other wallets, such as Metamask, Ledger or Trezor, you can import them to Brave Wallet.
Brave Rewards: Earn while you browse
Brave browser’s Brave Rewards program lets you earn Basic Attention Token ($BAT) for free. Whilst Brave already has industry-leading ad and tracker removing features, it has a choice to allow users to view Brave Private Ads.
Brave Private Ads are advertisements on the Brave browser that users can opt-in to view. Some examples of ads include BlockFi, Verizon, Etoro and Bitpay. These ads will be either a background image on a new tab, a card on your Brave News feed or push notification. But unlike other web browsers out there, Brave will reward users for viewing these ads.
Users get the Basic Attention Token ($BAT) for viewing these ads. $BAT can be traded on exchanges with other cryptocurrencies and stablecoins, exchanged for gift cards, for tipping websites/content creators and more.
Crypto Browser Project
Crypto Browser Project is a brand-new browser dedicated to cryptocurrency launched by Opera. The Crypto Browser Project is currently available in beta on Windows, Mac, and Android, with an iOS version coming soon. The browser has Web 3.0 integration at its core to make it easier to interact with blockchains, providing features like a built-in crypto wallet, easy access to cryptocurrency/NFT exchanges, support for decentralized apps (dApps) and more. The aim is to simplify the Web 3.0 user experience that is often bewildering for mainstream users.
A key feature is the built-in non-custodial wallet that will support blockchains including Ethereum, Bitcoin, Celo and Nervos from the get-go. The project has also announced partnerships with Polygon and other networks. The idea is to let you access your crypto without the need for any extensions, with the option of using third-party wallets as well. You can purchase cryptocurrencies via a fiat to crypto on-ramp, swap crypto directly in-wallet, send and receive it and check your wallet balance. It even has a secure clipboard that ensures your data security when you copy and paste.
Another stand-out feature of the new browser is its “Crypto Corner,” which contains all the latest blockchain news, crypto-related podcasts, and vlogs and keeps track of upcoming airdrops and crypto events. The Crypto Browser Project also comes with a sidebar that takes you to Crypto Twitter, Discord, Reddit, and more, as well as Telegram and Whatsapp.
Opera has said that the browser will be released as open source soon, adding that the goal is to “integrate these blockchains and decentralized domain naming systems into our crypto browsers, allowing you to enjoy them all.”
Osiris
Osiris is a blockchain-based browser that emphasizes easy access to decentralized apps and acts as a link between different blockchains. It comes with all the basic functions, clean and easy-to-use interface, and focuses on privacy. Osiris also supports peer-to-peer (P2P) file hosting similar to Brave browser. It is the world’s first web browser to work on its blockchain network.
Osiris browser comes with its unique crypto wallet called Metawallet. Not to be confused with the Metamask wallet, this wallet is embedded in the browser and only available on Osiris.
The main advantage of Metawallet is that it acts as a layer 2 solution, allowing faster transaction speeds. It will also act as a link between different blockchains- all this without excessive transaction fees. It currently supports ETH, TRX, and ACE, with DOT and BSC coming soon.
Osiris Armor is an in-built ad blocker that blocks intrusive ads on websites and YouTube videos. It will block all data collection and tracking scripts present in cookies. You can see all the ads and cookies it has blocked so far- the implementation works well and helps improve privacy. By blocking ads, Osiris is able to offer fast page loading and reduced mobile data charges while allowing users to access content without interruption.
The Osiris browser supports various search engines that are interchangeable according to your preference. You can also personalize your browser with bookmarks and extensions without having to worry about personal data collection.
Osiris also features optimized support for dAppstore. This is a marketplace where you can easily find and access various decentralized apps and projects. This integration with the Osiris browser allows these projects to reach a wider audience. It allows easier access while eliminating any security threats and issues.
Opera Reborn 3
Opera is a familiar name in web browsers. It is fast and helps save a lot of data which is why it has a very large user base. It also comes with a built-in ad blocker and personalized browsing that helps provide a better and tailored browsing experience. Opera recently launched a new version of its browser called the Reborn 3 with a built-in crypto wallet, a free unlimited VPN, and a Web 3 explorer for accessing blockchain apps.
Opera Reborn 3’s multi-wallet allows you to store and swap tokens and cryptocurrencies. This wallet will act as your online identity on decentralized platforms where you can link your wallet address to sign in. Currently, this wallet supports networks like ETH, TRX, and CBK. Support for more networks will be added in time.
Opera Reborn 3 also supports access to decentralized apps and websites, including the dAppstore, which is a huge marketplace for decentralized apps. These features are also available on mobile for Android and iPhone users.
Tor
Before cryptocurrency went mainstream, Tor had a bulletproof reputation as a private and secure web browser. It does not function like a typical browser. Instead, it routes your data through the Onion network (a series with random nodes), making your traffic untrackable and anonymous.
Tor also encrypts your traffic thrice during this process. So, not only are you untraceable, no one can learn your identity or track your online behavior. This means that on top of using an anonymous exchange like Binance, no one can track your browsing history and traffic.
The security features do not end there. Tor also comes with HTTPS Everywhere, ensuring you always open the safer version of any website you visit. This reduces the chances of you opening a fake crypto exchange or wallet site via phishing. There is also NoScript, a program that blocks Flash and Javascript, which hackers can use to attack you.
Tor does not save your browsing data because it deletes them after every session. Also, every window acts as a separate private browser, so no data is shared between different windows. All of these features make Tor the best option if your priority is security and privacy.
That being said, Tor is slower than most browsers since it routes your traffic through multiple network nodes. It can take up to 30-40 seconds for a page to load. Not unusable, but not excellent either. It is also limited to trading functions on centralized pages and does not have the ability to interact with decentralized apps.
If those tradeoffs are something you are willing to compromise, then you can rest easy knowing that your coin assets are safe, and everything about your online behavior is secure, down to your searches. Tor uses DuckDuckGo, a privacy-focused search engine that does not collect or share your data.
Conclusion
Cryptocurrencies are rising in relevance as a store of value and mode of payment. Since they are entirely digital, holders need trustworthy, safe, and convenient web browsers that allow users to access them easily.
Development in Web 3.0 is also going on very fast, with more products adopting the decentralized web, sidelining the current-gen Web 2.0. Hence, we will likely see more Web 3.0 products and services emerge this year.
Web 3.0 users might have different criteria while selecting their favorite browser, but it is common understanding that a good browser has to provide convenience, privacy, and most importantly ensure asset security. The Internet is a common good and the browser is the key to freely open doors within it.
Spool is a Decentralized Finance (DeFi) protocol geared towards ordinary users who want to earn yield on their own terms in a simple and straightforward way.
Background
DeFi has been an exciting avenue in the field of cryptocurrencies. Based on the Ethereum blockchain, it uses smart contracts, which are automated agreements used to automatically enforce transactions without the need for a government or a bank.
A vast new set of Ethereum-based protocols have emerged, giving rise to decentralized financial products that automate loans, savings and even insurance. According to Nottingham Trent University associate professor of Cyptofinance and Digital Investment Jeremy Eng-Tuck Cheah, the total value locked up in DeFi contracts grew rapidly from US$2.1 million to US$6.9 billion from September 2017 to August 2020, and continues to rise.
Spool: Yield for the world, Fuel for DeFi
What is Spool?
Luke Lombe, a founding partner of Australian digital asset management firm Faculty Group and Spool contributor, describes Spool as DeFi infrastructure that allows users to create a fully diversified, yield optimised, auto-compounding and risk mitigated DeFi portfolio – in a simple and straightforward manner.
According to Lombe, these portfolios, called Spools, cover complex tasks such as risk evaluation, risk/reward based portfolio construction and rebalancing to deliver an investment’s most optimal yield from the custom strategies deployed based on the user’s indicated risk tolerance.
Arguably, Spool has three synergistic features. The first is accessibility. Its straightforward set-up won’t repel users who might not have otherwise delved into DeFi. The second is diversification. Spools allow diverse portfolio management automatically, easing workloads and reducing barriers for entry. Thirdly is economies of scale. With the automation, having more users simply makes Spool more cost effective to run.
How to set up a Spool?
With just one stablecoin deposit and five more steps done via a simple interface, a user can set a Spool up, which contributor Phil Zimmerer describes as a “vault”. And then the user kicks back as the Spool does the work. The steps are as follows.
Step One: Choose a preferred deposit currency
“We’re starting with stablecoins, essentially USDC, USDT or DAI. That will expand to capture more volatile assets like Bitcoin or Ethereum, which are all subject to DAO (Decentralized Autonomous Organization) vote,” says Lombe.
Lombe goes on to explain that Spool is by its very nature a DAO first and foremost, which will vote on various proposals, including choices of new currencies before they are enacted. Stablecoins are likely chosen because they are, well, relatively stable cryptocurrencies, as they derive their value from an underlying external asset, like a national currency or gold. USDC and USDT (also known as Tether) are pegged to the US Dollar, for instance.
How the Spool token works
Step Two: Choose a risk model
Lombe describes a risk model as essentially a set of criteria that a user would use to assess risk in DeFi. For example, a risk model could factor in Time on Market, as the longer a protocol has been around, the safer it’s likely to be.
From this, Spool creates a risk score for each protocol. For instance, Aave might get a 7.5 out of 10 or Curve a 6.8. This helps the user in figuring out how to diversify their portfolio. He goes on to explain how the nature of DeFi investment makes risk-assessed diversification crucial:
“I imagine people would understand DeFi risk as pretty binary. It’s either your money’s safe or your money’s gone (laughs). Generally it’s a matter of a smart contract failure as opposed to an exploit or a hack or potentially a rug pull.”
Step Three: Choose some protocols
Choosing a risk model allows a user to then select various protocols, such as the ones mentioned in the beginning of this article, that they can place their funds in.
“So Curve, Compound, Aave. All the ones we know generally are included in this list. More will be added subject to DAO vote. So you basically create your ideal portfolio based on the protocols that you like and know,” adds Lombe.
Protocols such as Compound and Aave allow users to trade loans and earn interest via smart contracts, while Curve allows for stablecoin transactions at optimised rates.
Spoolnomics in a nutshell
Step Four: Select Risk Tolerance
Next, a user chooses their Spool’s risk tolerance from a sliding scale. According to Lombe, Spool’s own protocol will factor in the selected risk tolerance level as well as the yield and risk for each of the chosen protocols and then dynamically shape a user’s portfolio and re-weight it according to the parameters set by the user.
“But it’s not static. As the yield changes (which it does on a daily basis), the algorithm will essentially rebalance your portfolio to ensure that you’re constantly getting the most risk-optimised or yield-optimised and risk-mitigated return.”
Spool’s adjustments do this under efficiencies. Ethereum’s gas fees, or the compensated cost of energy used to compute a transaction, can be quite high, as is the cost of rebalancing a portfolio to account for them. So Spool uses economies of scale to mitigate such costs. As Lombe states:
“For example, if your Spool algorithm says ‘move your funds from Curve to Compound’, and mine says ‘move from Compound to Curve’, a tracer smart contract simply reassigns the assignment, so the funds stay where they are. Just like if you’re transferring money to someone at the same bank, the bank doesn’t move anything, it just moves the number from one to the other.
Lombe adds that more likely, funds moving in the same direction will be batched together, sharing the cost of transaction fees. With numerous other efficiencies in mind, more users actually makes Spool more energy efficient.
Final Step: Name Your Spool
Finally, a user simply has to name their Spool and assign a performance fee, if desired. This fee sets how much the user is paid by anyone who uses their Spool to invest. Lombe states that:
“You can say, ‘I’ve created a fully diversified portfolio, it’s going to be automatically managed and optimised for you. All you have to do is click on this link’, and they deposit their funds and then you get a small fee, essentially. And that’s only a performance fee, so the user’s actual initial contribution won’t be diluted at all.”
By creating a Spool and sharing it with others, it allows people intimidated by DeFi choices to join in. This then increases economies of scale. Essentially, an end user becomes a kind of “sub-broker” within the Spool network. Major contributor to Spool Phil Zimmerer explains:
“There are going to be users who don’t want to do due diligence, are not able to or it’s simply not worth their time. They’re more likely to trust a person or a group or a friend. And I’m uncomfortable giving financial advice. I think this resonates with a lot of people. So you can create your own “vault” and front load all your decision making with your knowledge and then you can share that schooling with people.”
SDK
However, what’s really interesting about Spool is that on top of what it can already do is its potential to be used as an SDK, or a software developer kit. As Lombe explains:
“Essentially, it’s a DeFi middleware. Not only can you create these DeFi portfolios, you can fire an SDK useful as a backend for white label services. Essentially, use whatever user interface you have on the front end and create your own DeFi products.”
These third party DeFi products could be websites or wallet apps running Spool in the background unnoticed. This could mean a lot of development work saved on such products.
When combined with the ability to share Spools, the automation of diversification and yield optimization as well as the efficiencies that work on economies of scale, Spool looks to be a particularly powerful piece of middleware within the Ethereum ecosystem.
Perhaps more importantly for ordinary people, it allows for better governance of finance – a thing that traditional finance seems to be failing at. As Zimmerer states:
“Traditional finance is stacked against those who are uninterested in it. It’s sort of kept boring so that people don’t really care about it and don’t really know what’s happening. A very concrete example of this we can see is Covid hits the economy really hard, and then you would also assume that the financial markets should also tank. And what happens is central banks are printing a lot of money and obviously now as a lagging effect we are starting to feel it in terms of inflation.”
economy reeling because of Covid
Zimmerer sees inflation as a kind of tax on laypeople, where traditional finance’s lack of accessibility means fewer to offset the same inflation that will not affect traditional finance’s participants.
“For me, it’s because we kind of live in a world that forces you to think about the economy. We see a lot more, at least in my social circle, people getting interested in investing and managing their finances. And on a systemic level, even if you’re just a regular person with a regular job, it’s not just enough to dump it into a high-yield savings account, because those yield very little compared to the yields you can get in the rest of the financial market.”
Cheah notes that the pandemic has driven global interest rates even lower, stating that some jurisdictions, such as the Eurozone, are now in negative territory and others such as the US and UK could follow. Meanwhile Lombe also notes that central banks have had to print more money in the advent of economic collapse, and this drives inflation even higher, eating away at savings yields.
The people at Spool seem to have an understanding about how serious world affairs influence the lives of ordinary people, and seek to use DeFi to provide solutions to these specific problems.
In this climate, DeFi simply looks more profitable. Protocols such as Compound have delivered yields as high as 6.75% for those who save with Tether. But Lombe says that Spool’s role is different. Rather than try and be a new competitor seeking to dominate market share within the Ethereum space, he says Spool is more concerned with what can be seen as the greater good.
“What Spool is trying to do is essentially not try to compete with the other farms out there because we’re not a farm, we’re an aggregator of sorts. We’re not trying to take the piece of the existing pie. We’re trying to grow the pie.”
Spool Token Staking Guide
The purpose and benefit of staking SPOOL token is to obtain more SPOOL and the voSPOOL governance token. The voSPOOL tokens are distributed to stakers based on the amount of time continuously staked, capped at a maximum of the total number of SPOOL tokens staked. The distribution is calculated based on a weekly epoch up to a maximum of 156 weeks. However, if the staker stops staking their SPOOL tokens at any time, the calculation of the time spent continuously staking resets to 0- this means that their voSPOOL distribution will correspondingly be reset to 0. Here’s a step by step guide on how to stake your SPOOL tokens.
Step 1: Obtain the SPOOL token. $SPOOL can be purchased on exchanges like Uniswap. To get started with Uniswap, check out our Uniswap review and tutorial.
Step 2: Go to spool.fi and launch the Spool App on your web browser by clicking on the “Open App” button on the top right hand corner of the page.
Step 3: Click on “Connect Wallet” to connect your web3 wallet to the app. You can choose which wallet to connect such as Metamask, Ledger, Trezor, Coinbase Wallet etc.
Step 4: On the app, click the “Spool Staking” tab.
Step 5: On this page, you can see the amount of SPOOL tokens in your wallet and total SPOOL staked. You can also see the amount of claimable voSPOOL rewards earned and choose to either claim the rewards or stake these rewards. Furthermore, you can use your voSPOOL for voting on governance proposals on this page.
Step 6: To stake your SPOOL tokens, click “Stake” which will bring up a separate staking window.
Step 7: Input the amount of SPOOL tokens that you wish to stake, alternatively you can also click “max” which will stake the entirety of the SPOOL tokens in your wallet.
Step 8: Click “Approve” on both the app page and on your web3 wallet. This will allow the contract to interact and manage your SPOOL tokens.
Step 9: Click “Stake” to stake your SPOOL tokens and wait for the transaction to be completed. Note that this transaction will cost gas fees. Once your SPOOL tokens are staked, you can unstake them at any time.
Step 10: Once the transaction is completed, your $SPOOL tokens will be staked. We suggest you then refresh the page to see the updated amounts staked or remaining in your wallet.
Step 11: On the app, you can click on the “Platform Summary” tab to check the amount of $SPOOL tokens staked, the amount of voSPOOL accumulated, and the claimable staking emissions.
Step 12: On the app, you can also click on the “SPOOL Staking” tab to see the updated $SPOOL staking rewards.
Step 13: To claim all your rewards, click on “Claim All Rewards”. A pop-up window will then appear which shows both the SPOOL emission rewards as well as the voSPOOL emission rewards. Click “Claim” to claim these rewards.
Step 14: Wait for the transaction to be confirmed. Once completed, the SPOOL tokens will be sent to your web3 wallet. Note this will also cost gas fees.
Step 15: Clicking on “Stake Emissions Rewards” allows you to stake the rewards you have earned. A pop up window will appear and shows all the rewards that can be claimed and staked for both SPOOL and voSPOOL emissions. Click on “Claim and stake” to both claim your rewards and stake them in 1 transaction.
Step 16: Wait for the transaction to be confirmed. Once completed, the SPOOL tokens will be sent directly to staking and your balance will be updated. Note that this transaction will cost more gas than simply claiming the staking rewards.
Step 17: Once the transaction has been confirmed, it is suggested to refresh the page to see the updated amounts of staked or claimed SPOOL tokens.
Jeremy Eng-Tuck Cheah. 26 August, 2020. The Conversation. What is DeFi and why is it the hottest ticket in cryptocurrencies? (https://theconversation.com/what-is-defi-and-why-is-it-the-hottest-ticket-in-cryptocurrencies-144883)
Spool is a Decentralised Finance (DeFi) application that allows users to create a fully diversified, yield optimised, auto-compounding and risk mitigated investment portfolio – in a simple and straightforward manner. It is also middleware, and can be used to power other applications.
How is it used?
With just one stablecoin deposit and five steps done via a simple interface, a user can set up this automated DeFi portfolio, or Spool up. Choose a preferred currency, a risk model, some protocols to invest in, your risk tolerance, name the Spool and then set a performance fee to charge others than invest in your Spool (in that order). And then, just leave it alone to do its job.
Why use it?
DeFi yields currently seem to be doing better than traditional finance. Amid the global pandemic, inflation threatens to devalue returns from traditional savings. And while getting into Defi could be complicated, Spool is relatively simple and straightforward to use for beginners, and very easy to deal with for experts who are tired of manually managing their portfolios. As more users use it, the more stable it gets, and others can invest in your Spool without having to create their own for the said small performance fee.
Stablecoins are under the microscope right now following the collapse of Luna and UST, the stablecoin of the Terra ecosystem.
In this article, we look at the history of stablecoins, its pros and cons, why they are needed, and what are the risks are of utilizing them.
What is a Stablecoin?
A stablecoin is a cryptocurrency that maintains a fixed value because it is backed by reserves of other assets such as fiat currencies, securities, gold or precious metals, property, or any other assets as collateral.
There are four main types of stablecoins:
Fiat-Collateralized: Fiat-backed stablecoins are backed by real-world currencies such as US Dollars or British Pounds at a 1:1 ratio.
Commodity-Backed: Backed by precious commodities like gold, platinum, or real estate.
Crypto-Backed: Backed by other cryptocurrencies which are kept as a reserve to ensure price stability in the event of price fluctuations. Smart contracts can also be coded to ensure no trust is needed in third parties.
Algorithmic: These involve adjustments in the algorithm for controlling the supply and demand of stablecoins, usually in the form of two tokens: one a stablecoin and the other a cryptocurrency that backs the stablecoin.
Cryptocurrencies are decentralized and not controlled by centralized entities such as governments or regulatory bodies. They operate on supply-and-demand principles in a free market and can be volatile in nature.
Simply put, stablecoins allow investors and traders to ‘cash out’ of risky investments into another crypto coin that will not fluctuate wildly in value during times of market volatility.
History of Stablecoins
Stablecoins actually have a very long history, having been around since 2014 with BitUSD. BitUSD was created in July 2014 backed by the $BTS token and created by Dan Larimer and Charles Hoskinson, both pioneers in the cryptocurrency who went on to create EOS and Cardano ($ADA), respectively.
However, even the world’s first stablecoin was not without its issues. In late 2018, BitUSD lost its peg to the US Dollar, resulting in huge criticism from the cryptocurrency community. BitUSD is no longer commonly used, and many cryptocurrency exchanges no longer support this stablecoin.
The next stablecoin to be launched was NuBits in September 2014 and was functional for 3 years. Eventually, this stablecoin also fell- suffering 2 major crashes during which the peg was broken for an extended period of time. The first of these crashes was in 2016 when NuBits was depegged from the US Dollar for 3 months. This was likely because holders of NuBits suddenly sold their substantial holdings for Bitcoin, resulting in NuBits being unable to handle the large volumes of sell-offs and losing its peg. Surprisingly, after the 2016 crash, the marketcap of NuBits shot up by 1,500%. This was caused by people buying millions worth of NuBits in late December 2017 owing to concerns about the stability of Bitcoin, whilst the NuBits team was unable to print new coins to keep up with the demand, thereby driving up prices.
The second, and final major crash suffered by NuBits was in March 2018 which was caused by insufficient reserves of the coin, meaning that the NuBits team were unable to protect the coin when there was a dip in demand. Of course, large cryptocurrency holders immediately noticed the drop in NuBits prices and panic sold their positions, causing an even greater slide in price.
After the second NuBits depeg, the stablecoin had lost credibility with cryptocurrency investors. Some holders even threatened legal action against the NuBits team or went into Tether ($USDT) and/or TrueUSD instead.
Tether $USDT however has also weathered a few storms of its own, facing legal battles with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), which also shook the confidence of the market. The legal action was eventually settled in 2021 with the parent company of Tether paying nearly US$60 million.
Despite this, cryptocurrency keeps evolving with each passing year as new innovations that were once met with speculation and distrust eventually become trusted by the market. Today there are many other stablecoin options out there such as USD Coin (USDC), Binance USD (BUSD), MakerDAO (DAI), Paxos Standard (PAX), and Gemini Dollar (GUSD) that provide alternatives to USDT.
Pros of Stablecoins
There are several reasons and numerous benefits to using stablecoins. In general, they are simply faster, cheaper, transparent, borderless, and programmable compared to fiat currencies. Some more benefits are listed below.
Stablecoins allow a quicker and easier way for investors to enter the crypto market by bridging fiat into stablecoins, which act like fiat currencies on exchanges.
Stablecoins are more efficient than fiat because they have the digital properties of other crypto tokens and can be moved around quicker and more efficiently than fiat money.
Stablecoins can be held as capital in non-custodial wallets such as Metamask, thus removing the need for third parties to intermediate.
Stablecoins allow for quicker, immediate peer-to-peer payments abroad that are semi-anonymous with much lower fees than fiat currencies.
Stablecoins can be used for holding, trading, borrowing, and lending abroad. When fiat-related regulatory processes are involved, even better.
Stablecoins can be staked to earn a higher yield than traditional finance in DeFi applications. When adding liquidity to protocols, they also minimize the risk of impermanent loss due to their price stability.
Blockchain data and tracking allows for a more transparent view of the market, giving investors more information on liquidity flows and thus greater decision-making power.
Many sectors of the economy and the unbanked population are benefiting from the use of stablecoins in remittance, escrow, payroll, settlement, and alternative banking that is self-custodial, cutting out intermediaries.
Cons of Stablecoins
Stablecoins used to be more controversial in the earlier days of crypto but have garnered more regulatory approval in recent years, minimizing many of the negative aspects.
Stablecoins usually require trust in a third party to ensure the coins are backed by the stated assets, which also means external audits are needed to ensure assets are accounted for.
There are lower yields on stablecoins in DeFi applications than on regular cryptos, however, these yields are still significantly higher than the interest rates offered by traditional banks.
Stablecoins utilized in DeFi applications are subject to the usual risks involved with unregulated cryptocurrency projects. The TerraLuna disaster was a perfect example of an extreme worst-case scenario for an algorithmic stablecoin.
Trial and error. Due to the relative infancy of stablecoins and the experimental nature of new technologies within crypto, there is still a risk when getting involved with newer projects or protocols.
Regulatory scrutiny. As the stablecoin market keeps growing and adding billions of dollars in value to the crypto market, it will generate increased interest from authorities. This can also be seen as a positive.
Conclusion
Stablecoins and their rapid proliferation across all blockchain protocols have brought more flexibility and adoption to the cryptocurrency industry. They are now embedded in the fabric of the market and are here to stay.
The onus remains on the individual investor to do your own research (DYOR) when deciding which stablecoin to hold. Find out who created it, whether it’s a trusted centralized business or a decentralized protocol managed by smart contracts. All the options are open to you when it comes to the safer management of risk in the crypto market.
The vast amount of innovations and creativity happening within the crypto space is overwhelming. Countless projects, protocols, apps, tokens, and communities are launching, layering, merging, forking and growing every day. It can be a lot to keep up with.
Fortunately, blockchains are public data sources, and the historical ledger of addresses and transactions is a treasure trove of data, just waiting to be unpacked and explored. Anyone can view the transactions that are occurring in real time and interpret what is happening on the blockchain. However, in its raw form, blockchain data is kind of like binary code: great for machines but tough for humans. What is needed is not only a data platform that can convert it to a more useful form, but also a community of analysts that can give it meaning.
Enter blockchain analytics. Blockchain analytics is the act of inspecting, identifying, understanding, and visualizing data on a blockchain. Doing so allows users to gain valuable insights that would otherwise be hidden in traditional systems. Just as Google organized the internet of information for consumers and commerce by indexing the World Wide Web, making it accessible without requiring any knowledge about the underlying TCP/IP protocol, blockchain analytics technology is building the pathway for an easy-to-navigate internet of value as well as the emerging data economy.
What Is Blockchain Analytics?
Blockchain analytics is the process of analyzing, identifying and clustering data on the blockchain. Blockchain analytics also models and visually represents data in order to identify key information about users and transactions.
More and more companies operating with cryptocurrencies are using blockchain analytics tools to analyze transactions and assess the level of risks to meet regulatory requirements worldwide. This is done to help stop illicit transactions such as money laundering and fraud from being carried out.
Crypto asset transactions carried out are inherently anonymous so blockchain analytics providers help to provide the data needed to match a transaction with a person or company. This helps to keep cryptocurrency markets and transactions safer for everyone. Blockchain analytics can achieve this by scraping blockchain data, which is all public.
How Does It Work?
Blockchain analytics providers scrape publicly-available transactional data to tie crypto wallets back to illicit or criminal behavior. Data scraping is the act of collecting and structurally storing and updating data in real-time. This data includes information on which cryptocurrency wallets the cryptocurrency were sent to and from, the type of cryptocurrency, the amount, and the time of the transaction. As for cryptocurrency wallets, they are digital wallets that can send and receive payments. And specifically for those wallets maintained by cryptocurrency exchanges, users must first go through a Know Your Customer (KYC) onboarding processes whereby the personal details of the crypto wallet’s owner are recorded and stored.
When a crypto wallet transaction is made, that data is forever on the blockchain. It cannot be altered or erased. Through the scraping of these blockchains, blockchain analytics ties crypto transactions to illicit activity through certain signifiers such as a crypto wallet previously linked to illicit transactions like drug smuggling or terrorist financing. Through that, a wallet or transaction is flagged and given a risk score. When a crypto business or a financial institution works with a blockchain analytics provider, any transaction they undertake can be screened to provide a risk score for the crypto wallet in question.
If further investigation is needed, a blockchain analytics provider can forward this type of information and analysis to the relevant law enforcement authorities, who can match an identity with an anonymous wallet, via a Suspicious Activity Report (SAR). Because the transactional data in the wallet represents all transactions that the specific cryptocurrency has been used in, an end-to-end trail is thus created.
The wallet is tagged with a typology by the analytics provider, which ties it to a certain illicit activity that will be flagged in future transactions. The provider will also create a heuristic which clusters transactional wallet data with similar typologies. (Ultram) When multiple wallets are owned by the same person, blockchain analytics can help to determine if transactions carried out by different wallets are actually coming from the same place.
Collecting data on the identifiers of illicit transactions is a continuous process. Blockchain analytics is a key line of defense for creating fair and legal crypto environments, helping to discover the source and destination of illicit funds.
Why Is Blockchain Analytics Important?
Often hackers and web criminals use cryptocurrency due to its pseudonymous nature. Thanks to blockchain analytics, we now have access to specialized analytics tools that can scan otherwise hard to track the trail of transactional data on public blockchains. Blockchain analytics makes it possible to follow who is buying what and paying for which product and services utilizing cryptocurrency.
Many blockchain analytics providers help to create these insights by turning blockchain raw data into searchable and executable data that individuals and businesses can easily search and build services on top of. This has tremendous value to regulators, law enforcement, companies and users within the crypto space.
Regulators and law enforcement can have full visibility on illicit transactions and track the movement, allowing them to uncover the identities of the criminals over time. Companies are able to have full visibility over transactions made by vendors or third parties and ensure legitimacy of those claims. Users such as traders are able to have visibility on what smart money is doing and make better informed decisions, leveling the playing field. Smart money in crypto represents a new type of economy where knowledge is open and powerful actors’ behavior is revealed.
All organizations who work within the crypto asset market, whether it be crypto businesses or financial institutions, also need to remain compliant. Blockchain analytics providers can help these financial institutions pursue their compliance efforts. Through blockchain analytics, compliance departments can identify fraudulent or illicit activity, protect themselves from risk and work to create increased trust and transparency within the system and thus maximizing opportunities for growth and profitability.
Blockchain Analytics Providers
Let us take a look at some of the most popular blockchain analytics providers that are developing new insights from raw blockchain data to make it accessible to users of all levels.
1- Dune
Dune, formerly known as Dune Analytics, is a powerful tool for blockchain research. It can be used to query, extract, and visualize vast amounts of data on the Ethereum blockchain. Users can simply query the database to extract almost any information that resides on the blockchain. Dune released its free version in 2019. Since that release, Dune has grown exponentially with users from all around the world joining in to leverage the on-chain analytics it provides.
Example of a graph visualization from a popular query dashboard
Dune’s strengths are in its open data source. Analysts, traders, and number crunching data enthusiasts make up the community. They create and openly share their queries which can then be forked and remixed in a multitude of ways by others. That is why Dune has been described as the “Github for on-chain analysis.” The secret sauce is the collaborative effort that is built-in to the Dune platform. So instead of dealing with the status quo, siloed sets of dashboards, the queries on Dune Analytics are open source, creating a revolutionary way for their community to harvest and remix blockchain data.
Dashboard page on Dune Analytics
The community version of Dune allows users to conduct any kind of on-chain analysis. Dune converts the raw blockchain data into a readable format, and queries can be completed with SQL. Dune gives its users access to datasets and they can create their charts and dashboards. Users can then share what they are working on. And working with Dune provides one with good education and powerful insights into how on-chain analytics systems work in general.
With Dune, users can explore the dashboards and queries of others in the community. It is similar to sharing dashboards on Google Analytics. And by researching the work of others, users can find inspiration to come up with even more queries to find deeper insights.
It is not much of a stretch to say that Dune is fast becoming the default platform for Ethereum data seekers.
Use Case: Dune has more than 22,000 different dashboards, a method of discovery. Given that the queries within the dashboards are user-generated, the quality varies. Some may be professional-grade and easy to scan, while others result from a SQL student’s early lessons. These are searchable by name or tags.
PARSIQ is the next-generation monitoring and intelligence platform for various blockchains, successfully connecting legal systems and off-chain applications to precious blockchain-based data. PARSIQ’s platform provides a suite of products that handle everything from database querying to instant notifications. The use case of PARSIQ extends not only to the on-chain blockchain but also to the off-chain universe.
Transaction tracking for compliance purposes, financial accounting, or building insights on the different properties of competing blockchains are some of the jobs that PARSIQ’s applications perform as off-chain jobs. PARSIQ also provides a tool that monitors and processes blockchain data. Every single blockchain activity that occurs on the platform results in a massive amount of information. All of this circulates through the PARSIQ platform and activates various parts of it. Every product that belongs to the ecosystem has a particular processing subsystem of the platform standing behind it.
Smart Triggers on PARSIQ
With Smart Triggers, users can create “if-this-then-that” workflows, allowing users to watch for a specific on-chain event and initiate downstream actions when they occur. PARSIQ’s Trigger Wizard is a no-code editor that allows users to create Smart Triggers for the most common use cases in just minutes. Smart Triggers can be used for a variety of use cases:
Build user notifications — PARSIQ delivers real-time alerts to users when relevant activities occur
Expand product functionality — users are able to build capabilities on top of blockchain data without writing custom code
In order to solve actual problems and meet the demands of business use cases, PARSIQ introduces the possibility of using various on-demand services and data delivered by third party providers integrated to the PARSIQ platform. Smart Triggers are deployed to the PARSIQ system and continue to circulate the on-chain data. External Data Providers (EDP) are the source of external off-chain or even on-chain data that can be plugged in and additionally combined with Smart Trigger data. With this feature, it is possible to combine the on-chain data with off-chain data, such as market data, risk scoring, forensics information, and more
Use Case: PARSIQ’s wallet surveillance tools notify wallet holders on every inflow and outflow of funds. Any alert sent by PARSIQ’s transports informs users who are at risk with a potentially exploited wallet in their possession.
Whitelisting is another useful tool to preserve users’ trigger count. It gives the user control of what they deem trigger worthy transactions. Making frequent transactions & interactions with certain addresses or addresses they are familiar with would be acceptable without triggers, but addresses not whitelisted will trigger alerts.
To set up wallet surveillance with PARSIQ, you can refer to this tutorial video.
3- Elementus
Elementus is the first universal blockchain search engine and institutional-grade crypto forensic solution. They are building the next generation “Who’s Who” of crypto entities on the blockchain with the best-in-class search and analytics capabilities. Their compliance solution and data analytics platform are being used by key U.S. governmental agencies to solve some of the most high-profile cyber investigations and by financial institutions to build the future of finance and commerce on the bedrock of blockchain and digital currencies.
Elementus applies data science to restructure underlying blockchain data into a schema optimized around the relationships between blockchain activity, providing valuable context far beyond manual investigations on individual transaction level. The Elementus view provides a powerful clustering and confident entity attribution based on insights that exist tens or even thousands of transactions away.
A visualization of token sales created using Elementus
As the use of cryptocurrency increases, so does the complexity of investigations. Elementus’s Intelligent Network Expansion technology allows users to generate a network in seconds based on custom parameters relevant to their investigation.
Elementus offers several products dedicated to different solutions within its ecosystem:
Radar — for compliance solutions. Users are able to extract risk scores for any public blockchain address, consumable via API, real-time alert, or via the Radar user interface.
Echo — for custom analytics. Users are able to harness the power of Elementus Analytics paired with the versatility of Palantir Foundry, accessing custom data analysis applications for any use case.
Pulse — for investigations. Pulse provides almost instantaneous tracing of funds from source to destination with multi-level entity attribution, powered by proprietary RapidTrace™ and EntityIndex™ technology
Use Case: Elementus was used to track down billions of stolen bitcoin in a fraud investigation of a YouTube rapper named Razzlekhan and her husband Ilya Lichtenstein. The couple was arrested on federal charges of conspiring to launder a multibillion-dollar trove of bitcoins stolen from cryptocurrency exchange Bitfinex in 2016. The couple was not accused of the theft itself.
Analysis provided by Elementus has found that the pair were able to shield the unseized money through a complex series of crypto transfers. Max Galka, the CEO of Elementus, said the bitcoins were moved across more than 20,000 transactions, indicating that some form of automation software was used.
According to Galka, some of the unseized bitcoins were transferred through the Russia-based darknet market Hydra. “It’s the largest darknet market in existence,” Galka says. “It is highly unlikely law enforcement has the ability to trace these funds further.” According to Elementus, the last known movement of the unseized cache occurred on January 25th 2022, shortly before the couple’s arrests at their Wall Street apartment.
4- AllianceBlock
AllianceBlock is building a globally compliant decentralized capital market by providing a bridge between traditional finance (TradFi) and decentralized finance (DeFi), unlocking trillions of dollars in capital. The AllianceBlock Protocol is a decentralized, blockchain-agnostic layer 2 that automates the process of converting any digital or crypto asset into a bankable product, simplifying the capital transfer process between regulated and opaque markets.
The protocol has three main pillars, focusing on compliance and regulation, data, and DeFi technology. The AllianceBlock Data Tunnel is a key component of the data element, and it leverages their partner Ocean Protocol’s technology, as well as partnerships with Parsiq, API3, Covalent, DIA and Chainlink. The Data Tunnel is a data marketplace that makes data accessible to all through a monetized marketplace, while ensuring traceability, transparency, and trust. Data providers and consumers will benefit from increased access to one another, driven through a secure and easy-to-use solution.
The Data Tunnel dashboard
The AllianceBlock Data Tunnel makes it possible to publish data in a decentralized and simplified manner, without needing to be proficient in DeFi, MetaMask, or private keys. This is crucial to attracting a wider, more mainstream audience. In line with this, the Data Tunnel also simplifies usability for data consumers and developers through a standardized output format. This is in contrast to current offerings, with datasets found in a wide range of formats, making it more difficult for consumers.
Ultimately, the Data Tunnel aims to become the oracle of oracles, being able to take data from oracles to the Data Tunnel, enhancing this data, and then feeding it back to the oracle providers. The Data Tunnel is chain-agnostic, in line with AllianceBlock’s wider vision, to allow for the greatest access and breadth to both datasets and consumers and to ensure as wide adoption as possible. The AllianceBlock Data Tunnel aims to incentivize data providers to share more data, acting as the conduit through which both DeFi and TradFi users can access and take advantage of increased data opportunities.
Use Case: Financial institutions are largely excluded from offering investors access to DeFi. Fund distribution is one of the issues. AllianceBlock provides a solution to these issues by offering access to Open Finance that allows all market entities to participate. It is an end-to-end regulatory compliance framework that serves as a bridge between stakeholders and all actors within the capital markets chain.
In a traditional fund distribution model, all intermediaries between the investor and fund manager can operate independently. Many may only communicate with the next chain in the link. When they do communicate, it is likely through email correspondence, or, for certain operations, even fax or post. This creates inefficiencies.
Traditional fund distribution model
AllianceBlock seeks to create a fund protocol which hosts all of the required activities on one platform. This allows for greater operational transparency and efficiency.
The AllianceBlock fund distribution model
Learn more here about AllianceBlock’s solution to fund distribution, and to explore more use cases for the platform.
5- HUBX
HUBX elevates private placement and loan syndication deal distribution for banks, exchanges, and brokerage firms by connecting into core systems to deliver dynamic data insights and a richer customer experience. In the world of syndicated lending, accessing accurate and timely data is critical for origination and distribution teams to make meaningful and effective decisions. The way data is captured and interpreted constitutes the single most important success criteria to protect and scale capital raising operations. HUBX brings together all relevant data from across an organization to deliver a single source of truth for all participants.
Founded in 2015, HUBX platforms facilitate collaboration between banks and their institutional clients, connect syndicate desks with the rest of the organization, and simplify execution. Each network hub is private, ensuring that the clients’ data is always protected. HUBX strives to help banks adapt quickly and seamlessly to the rapid digital transformation that is driving private capital markets today.
By connecting all participants on their own terms, HUBX will help accelerate deal execution, reduce costs, and introduce standardization and automation into the market. By offering unrivaled customer experience and dynamic insights and tools to their clients, banks are able to harness the true potential of their data and the network effect.
Use Case: HUBX has partnered with financial software solution developer Finastra to help corporate lenders during the loan syndication process by reducing manual workloads. As a first step, this deal sees HUBX Arranger integrated with Finastra’s back-office loan software Fusion Loan IQ, which is used by 90% of the world’s top 100 banks to process over 70% of global syndicated loans. While the market is worth around $4.5trn annually, much like in private equity, the majority of work is manual and disconnected.
According to Axel Coustere, HUBX co-founder, “HUBX Arranger provides a key missing link for Finastra’s clients. The ability to digitally scale the arduous syndication process by tackling the lack of end-to-end execution. There are many manual, time consuming steps and a lack of real -time visibility currently associated with this piece of a bank’s business. Not doing this well limits the banks’ ability to manage and improve risk and ultimately reputation.”
Conclusion: The Rise of Data Analytics
Modern businesses have been benefiting from data analytics for several years now. According to Forbes, data analytics adoption in enterprises increased from 17% in 2015 to 59% in 2018. Now, only 10% of businesses have refused to utilize big data. One category of data analytics that is poised to change and transform the industry is predictive analytics. It is focused on making predictions about future outcomes based on a massive amount of historical data as well as techniques like machine learning. With this type of technology, enterprises will be able to forecast trends and behaviors.
The current state of predictive analytics is hardly perfect. A huge obstacle to overcome is getting quality data from different sources and correlating them. Digital agencies and IT firms have their own silos of data and use different tools in obtaining them. There is also the issue of whether there is enough of the right data. When there is not enough for the system to make conclusions from, the results of predictions may be biased and untrustworthy. Blockchain technology might be able to fill the gap in this space.
Blockchain’s computational power is gained from multiple connected computers, hence it is powerful enough to properly define the model to be analyzed based on a vast number of data sets. It would use its power to analyze the different stored datasets across computers and pull up the ones that can provide the answer. Furthermore, blockchain may be the cloud equivalent to one physical supercomputer, which makes it accessible to small businesses. Currently, companies that want to utilize predictive analytics have to rely on expensive super machines. With blockchain implemented, the costs to obtain such analytics tools will be greatly reduced.
As for potential applications, blockchain analytics could be used in marketing strategies. Marketers could be able to prepare for future marketing campaigns with the help of data gained from market realities. The system might be able to forecast price movements for financial markets, including cryptocurrencies.
The fusion of data and blockchain technology is poised to grow even more in the next couple of years. This could provide an opportunity for blockchain to display its potential as developers continue to experiment.
Blockchain technology is often considered the best solution to problems caused by centralization. Through blockchain, people get to exercise authority over their personal affairs and enjoy more security and sovereignty, especially with financial transactions. Yet despite all the advantages of blockchain adoption, the technology also has a few current drawbacks.
Many people complain about unstable and sometimes relatively high transaction fees. For some people, the main problem with blockchain is a lack of interoperability between several different systems while others worry about response time or latency. However, a bigger issue lurks around the corner – scalability.
Compared to traditional systems, blockchain technology might be a long way from tackling the scalability problem. Saito Network helps to solve these issues by providing unique solutions for the general growth of the sector.
What is Saito ($SAITO)?
Saito ($SAITO) is a layer-1 blockchain that provides a permissionless and scalable network for decentralized applications. The open network also supports in-browser crypto applications without private APIs or plugins.
Saito aims to tackle problems caused by centralization, as well as scalability issues that are commonplace with both Proof-of-Work (PoW) and Proof-of-Stake (PoW) blockchains. Instead of paying stakers and miners for block production, the network directly pays internet service providers, allowing easy use of regular browsers for decentralized projects. This method helps new and existing Web3 projects run cost-effective operations instead of paying node operators like Infura.
Learn more about Proof of Stake (PoS) vs Proof of Work (PoW) with our article: Proof of Stake Explained
Saito’s open infrastructure provides better security for projects looking to host on a blockchain without intermediaries. A problem with employing the services of a middleman is the apparent centralization of a supposedly decentralized product. Another issue is that projects connected to the blockchain through node operators are open to several risks if the operator becomes compromised or otherwise unavailable. For example, in 2020, Infura suffered an outage that caused Binance and other exchanges to disable ERC-20 transactions. By connecting projects directly to the blockchain through the browser, Saito Network allows decentralized apps or other infrastructure to host their own nodes without an intermediary.
Features of Saito
Saito’s decentralized framework is essential to the ongoing shift to Web3. Since a major tenet of Web3 is decentralization, the platform’s basic structure is the critical tool developers and various projects need to compete in the new iteration of the internet. The following Saito features place the network at the forefront of Web3 development:
Truly Peer-To-Peer: Saito ensures that projects and all their transactions are truly peer-to-peer. No go-between is required.
Scalable Onchain Data: Saito solves scalability problems by providing easy dApp support through browsers instead of relying on a node operator.
Browser Applications: All projects will quickly onboard and operate decentralized applications directly through a browser, without the need for a plugin like MetaMask.
What makes Saito special?
In addition to the advantages Web3 projects enjoy through Saito, the platform also offers the following:
Dynamic App Support: Saito’s network provides a valuable framework for several applications regardless of data or bandwidth requirements. Developers can build anything from games to social media apps and communication tools.
Open Infrastructure: Other networks can take advantage of Saito’s infrastructure to tackle interoperability problems.
Web3 Blockchains: All applications built on Saito support Polkadot and many other major Web3 blockchains, with many more coming down the line.
App Deployment: Developers can easily create and publish apps on Saito’s platform. App creators can do everything from start to finish without any third-party infrastructure.
Vibrant Community: Joining the Saito community exposes projects and developers to an active and growing community of like-minded people excited about Web3 development.
Saito has already processed more than 10 million transactions and averages over 30,000 transactions per day. With more than 30 popular applications and modules already in the works, Saito has positioned itself as the best chance for the ongoing evolution of Web3.
SAITO Token: What is it?
SAITO token is the network’s native asset, a utility token that powers activities on the platform. The platform offers two types of SAITO on different networks, an ERC-20 variation and the Layer One SAITO. The ERC-20 tokens are wrapped tokens in ERC-20 form and are available to public sale participants over vesting periods. Wrapped SAITO asupports purchases and permissionless integration in off-chain applications. Users who hold ERC-20 SAITO also enjoy token withdrawals to any public Saito fork.
Layer-One SAITO tokens have on-chain utility and represent 75% of all tokens minted. As the network expands, on-chain SAITO holders will enjoy increased liquidity and convertibility. However, holders cannot directly convert Layer-One SAITO to ERC-20 SAITO. Of the allocated 75%, the Saito Foundation retains 20%, while strategic partners share a 10% pool. Rewards, contributors/developers, and the Saito core team all receive 15% each of the SAITO token supply.
Despite the tremendous growth of the decentralized finance (DeFi) industry, it still faces a key problem – the liquidity of operations due to the lack of licensing and market makers in the industry. IX Swap ($IXS) provides a solution through regulatory compliant liquidity pools, automated market making functions for security tokens (STO), tokenized stocks (TSO), and fractionalized NFTs (fNFTs).
By using blockchain technology to build liquidity and infrastructure solutions for their security token ecosystem, IX Swap is able to provide global trading and access to this untapped asset class. The platform will be the first bridge between decentralized finance (DeFi) and centralized finance (CeFi) to facilitate trading of security tokens through licensed custodians and security brokers which will provide actual ownership and claim over these real world assets.
The Security Token: A DeFi Solution For Crowdfunding
Capital raising has evolved rapidly over the years, originating from traditional stock markets in Wall Street. It then moved onto less conventional methods, such as crowdfunding platforms like Kickstarter, which is a different evolution of the same concept.
One of the newer and more creative innovations in the ever-evolving landscape of capital markets and crowdfunding was derived from the birth of Bitcoin and Ethereum. These innovations allowed blockchain enabled technology platforms to develop ecosystems where tokens were minted – to provide some sort of utility, or just a pure token for their native platform. Such initial coin offerings (ICOs) enabled entrepreneurs to raise money globally from potential users of their products while simultaneously achieving market fit.
This phenomenon created a new wave of funding into the markets as companies were able to raise millions overnight with a theoretical “whitepaper” with little to no development done on the project. In this overnight, unregulated industry, funding became cheaper and easier compared to raising money through the traditional debt/equity markets.
It also attracted sharks that sensed an opportunity to abuse the easy money and lack of regulations. By the end of 2017, the number of ICO scams had increased exponentially, with 80% of ICOs being scams. This led to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) to step in and take a more active stance towards the industry, targeting companies that the SEC deemed as securities rather than utility tokens.
As regulatory scrutiny began to rise, security token offerings (STO) became the natural evolution of ICOs. Security tokens provide access to digital asset markets while still adhering to regulatory standards, making it the perfect fit for the digitization and tokenization of certain assets that may be deemed securities.
What is IX Swap?
By trading securities, you are trading a right of ownership or claim to an asset in the real world. Therefore, it is no surprise that security tokens and tokenized stocks are regulated assets. To deal with securities, a market maker requires licensing, strict regulation, and the right infrastructure to accommodate trading and the custody of these securities.
IX Swap meets all of these requirements, effectively solving the key liquidity problem. IX Swap achieves this by building a blockchain system with infrastructure designed for the STO and TSO (Tokenized Security Offering) ecosystems. The platform could be considered as the “Uniswap” that provides liquidity pools and automated market-making functions for securities.
Investors of securities will be able to contribute to the ecosystem and issuers of securities will be able to create their own liquidity pools.
IX Swap Features
Some of IX Swap’s main advantages and solutions include:
Security — By leveraging blockchain technology, IX Swap is able to provide security and transparency
Liquidity pools for tokens/TSO — Holders of STO/TSO tokens will be able to extract liquidity legally for the first time
Unique platform — IX Swap is DeFi’s first market-making solution built specifically for STO and tokenized stocks
Lending — Users will be able to lend their idle assets to earn passive income
Licensed partners — IX Swap has partnered with licensed intermediaries to address the nuances of the securities
Reduced fees — Reduced fees compared to 1–2% charged by banks for private asset investments
Mining and staking — Holders have the option to earn and grow the value of their assets through liquidity mining and staking
IL Insurance — IX Swap has been structured to include an impermanent loss (IL) insurance mechanism to reduce the effect of IL on liquidity providers
Fractionalized NFTs on IX Swap
A non-fungible token (NFT) is a unit of data stored on the blockchain that certifies a digital asset to be unique and therefore not interchangeable. NFTs can be used to represent items such as photos, videos, audio, and other types of digital files. The substantial rise in value of many NFTs have given way to the concept of fractionalization. Fractionalized NFTs (fNFT) allow smaller investors to pool resources to purchase fractional interests of an NFT.
IX Swap will soon allow users to bid and purchase fractionalized NFTs on its platform. According to their roadmap, they plan to roll out this feature in Q2 of 2022.
Fractionalization provides many advantages for owners, including:
Retained ownership while freeing up liquidity
Curated fees from fractionalization
Access to a larger audience as more investors would have access to a singular NFT
Increased utility for NFT through DeFi applications
Positive price correlation through fractionalization
Lower floor prices for new NFT investors
Fractionalization also brings benefits for investors, such as:
The ability to purchase a fraction of an NFT that would otherwise be too costly for 100% ownership
DeFi applications to generate additional yield from holding NFTs
Greater liquidity and trading platforms to realize gains from the fractionalized NFTs
Portfolio diversification through multiple fractional investments
There has been significant debate in recent times surrounding the classification of NFTs and if they are securities. OpenSea, one of the worlds largest NFT marketplaces, put a freeze on trading for a project called DAO Turtles given the uncertainty whether these assets were securities.
According to Chris Donovan, the Head of Legal at UK VC Outlier Ventures, NFTs can be considered securities under certain circumstances — with one of those circumstances being fractionalized NFTs “embodying rights to royalties,” or sold with the promise of future liquidity and continued services from the issuer.
By purchasing fractionalized NFTs through IX Swap, owners and investors can rest easy in the event that these assets are deemed securities thanks to the regulations within the platform.
STO vs NFT: What are the differences?
Due to the similarities in their characteristics, STOs are constantly being compared to NFTs, and the comparison is justified. STOs and NFTs are both vehicles that provide proof of ownership of an asset, only presented in different ways.
The concept behind STOs is relatively simple. Unlike ICOs, where the token is considered a currency or a means of utility, STOs are securities and are regulated assets by government authorities. Herein also lies the key difference between STOs and NFTs: STOs are regulated assets, whereas, for NFTs, they are still unregulated despite having similar ownership rights over an asset.
The determination of whether an NFT is a security is generally based on the characteristics of the NFT and may differ. For example, you might have a piece of art that you have collected to appreciate the artwork; this NFT would not be classified as a security. However, an NFT that provides ownership over a financial asset or even a house — would definitely classify as a security and would technically be classified as a security token.
There is no right and wrong to which structure is better, as both STO and NFT structures are excellent in their own rights and are highly innovative solutions to represent ownership over an asset.
$IXS Token
The IX Swap ($IXS) token is the native cryptocurrency and utility token for the IX Swap platform and will be freely traded on cryptocurrency platforms. Utilities for the token include:
Staking $IXS tokens for a fixed income percentage on the IX Swap platform;
Staking $IXS in liquidity pools to receive a portion of the pool profits;
Staking $IXS on the platform will provide voting and governance functionalities for the IX Swap platform;
$IXS is the native payment token on IX Swap’s first broker/dealer partner platform, InvestaX; and
$IXS token holders get priority access to new primary STO listings.
IXS will be distributed as incentive rewards to ecosystem contributors. IXS paired pools will have boosted returns over non-IXS paired pools. The IXS tokens also have a distinct deflationary economics function to ensure value is created for token holders the more the platform is used.
IXS token’s deflationary tokenomics:
5% of fees will be sent to a permanently locked vault reducing the overall token supply
5% of fees will also be sent to a vault to purchase IXS tokens; and
Rewards earned on the platform will be distributed over time to ensure token inflation is reduced.
Conclusion
STOs are bridging the gap between traditional money markets and the new era of digital currencies by tokenizing traditional investment types, such as stocks, bonds and commodities. Tokenization of an asset is among one of the most powerful ways to express and manage an asset, where it is represented directly on the blockchain in the form of a token.
IX Swap solves the liquidity problem for secondary trading of STOs that is both algorithmic driven and allows for anyone to participate in the allocation of market making capital, and therefore benefit from the subsequent fees of being a liquidity provider. This DeFi solution will bring in a new wave of liquidity to STO trading and solve a key industry problem. (Zolpidem)
FAQs
What is IX Swap?
IX Swap is the world’s first liquidity pool and automated market maker (AMM) provider for security tokens, tokenized stocks, and fractionalized non-fungible tokens.
What is a liquidity pool?
A liquidity pool in cryptocurrency markets is a smart contract where tokens are locked for the purpose of providing liquidity for trades.
What is an automated market maker (AMM)?
An AMM is a type of decentralized exchange (DEX) protocol that relies on a mathematical formula to price assets using blockchains and smart contracts. Instead of using an order book like a traditional exchange, assets are priced according to a pricing algorithm. Any investor can participate in the DeFi liquidity pools and earn fees as a benefit.
What is a security token?
Security tokens are tokenized securities. They are digital forms of traditional securities that live on a blockchain. These tokens could represent ownership of a fraction of any valuable asset, like a car, real estate, or corporate stock.
What are tokenized stocks?
Tokenized stocks are tokenized derivatives that represent traditional securities, particularly shares in publicly traded firms on regulated exchanges.
What are fractionalized NFTs?
Fractionalized NFTs are NFTs split into smaller pieces by their original owner. Fractionalized NFTs enable investors to own part of an NFT that would otherwise be unaffordable. It also enables the owner to release some of the value in their NFT without selling it fully.
Some of the top investors of DinoSwap include DeFinance, Hashed, Spartan Group, DFG, and co-founder of Polygon Sandeep Nailwal.
DinoSwap’s goal is to allow users from any blockchains to benefit from increased liquidity by tapping into tethered liquidity from multiple other blockchains, thereby becoming a centralised hub for cross-chain liquidity. This can be done by building liquidity for layer one blockchains, AMMs (Automated Market Makers), and partnering projects.
The first blockchain that DinoSwap has started with is Polygon due to its high liquid environment and extremely low transaction cost. By leveraging the strength of Polygon, DinoSwap is then able to help crypto projects boost their token liquidity.
The main focus of DinoSwap, it is a DEX that does not have its own Automated Market Maker (AMM) and instead interfaces directly with third-party liquidity pools of the top DEXs on Polygon. On DinoSwap, users can exchange ERC20 tokens, and one of the features that make DinoSwap unique is that it does not charge any additional fees on exchanges.
Yield Farming (aka DinoSwap Fossil Farms)
Following the dinosaur theme, DinoSwap’s Fossil Farms are where users can earn DINO by staking their LP tokens from SushiSwap, QuickSwap and Dfyn.
Staking
Jurassic Pools
This is a non-burn pool where users can stake their DINO and earn more tokens from partnering projects. In addition, users can still withdraw or deposit DINO without any additional fees, time-locks, or burns. (www.stellardental.my)
Extinction Pools
Extinction Pools are burn pools where deposited DINO is burned when all rewards are distributed. Users can stake their DINO tokens in order to earn more tokens from other partners over a period of time.These allow projects to issue tokens to a global community of Degen Dinos which increases wallet holder count, boosts awareness of the project, and bootstraps initial market liquidity. Participating projects are announced through the official DinoSwap social media platforms and receive cross promotional benefits, and these projects will also populate on the default list of DinoSwap tokens without having to search for the contract address.
Tar Pits
Users can stake DINO in the Tar Pit to earn more DINO tokens. Entering these pools requires an adjustable time lock on staked DINO, but longer lock-ups mean increased rewards.
DINO token utility
DINO token is the native token of DinoSwap in ERC – 20 standard and is used to get other tokens from projects partnering with DinoSwap. DINO token has no hard cap but has a burning mechanism to deter inflation and ensure the healthy development of the ecosystem.
The DINO token at this time has two different uses: DINO is currently used to farm yDINO, a governance token which will be part of a complete ecosystem, by staking DINO and BNB on Tenet. DINO provides passive income to its users and holders through the 1% redistribution applied from every transaction Note: It will be used in the near future as the central currency used in this ecosystem currently in development, where artists and collectors can buy and sell digital art goods using DINO Token.
DINO Token Distribution
65 million DINO tokens were distributed at launch as follows:
65% – Farming Rewards (Fair launch).
5.6% – Treasury.
14.4% – Team (vested over 12 months, linearly, on a per-block basis).
15% – Investors and Advisors (vested over 12 months, linearly, on a per-block basis)
After the first 65 million DINO have hatched, new tokens will be created on-demand. For every 10 DINO created, one extra DINO will be allotted to the DinoSwap Treasury to support further protocol growth initiatives.
Unlock your Polygon Wallet, click connect, and choose the wallet provider of your choice
Dinoswap Polygon wallet
Select the tokens you wish to swap and enter the amount (make sure you have MATIC in your wallet to push the transaction through) .
Dinoswap and MATIC
Check the details, and click “Swap”.
Dinoswap finalize
Check the details again and click “Confirm Swap”.
Dinoswap confirmation page
Confirm the transaction in your wallet.
The swap is complete and you can click view onmaticvigil to see your transaction details
Yield Farming on DinoSwap
This function allows users to stake DINO in order to earn even more rewards after a period of time. There are two parts to this process:
Providing Liquidity
Every Fossil Farm needs a specific LP Token that can be acquired by providing liquidity for the appropriate pair. The following steps will prepare you to start excavating in your favorite Fossil Farm.
Click the “Staked only” toggle to see the pairs you have LP Tokens in.
Choose a Fossil Farm you have LP Token in and click on it.
Click on the “+” or the “-“ button to add or remove LP Tokens.
Enter the amount you would like to add or remove.
Verify your information and click the “Confirm” button.
After a short wait you should see your new balance in the details section of the LP Token pair. If you have unstaked your LP Tokens, any unclaimed rewards will automatically have been collected.
Conclusion
DinoSwap ran a highly successful fundraising campaign before its launch and is even backed by the co-founder of Polygon himself, indicating a large amount of confidence in the project. The DEX has also successfully completed three Certik smart contract audits and has received a “low risk” rating from the Rug Doctor. DinoSwap is already the 7th most popular dApp on Polygon in less than 2 weeks from its official launch.
With DinoSwap’s mission of increased liquidity for cryptocurrency exchange, this DEX is one to keep an eye on and has huge potential to change the crypto exchange game.
Scaleswap is a fully decentralized IDO (Initial DEX Offering) launchpad that aims to make fundraising and scale trading easier.
Harnessing the power of an advanced layer 2 blockchain scaling protocol, Scaleswap already boasts investments from several top tier venture capitalist firms such as Spark Digital Capital and Magnus Capital. The new platform is described as the most advanced way to invest with new and unique features, making investing in pools easier and more transparent.
What is an Initial DEX Offering (IDO)?
An Initial DEX Offering (IDO) is a type of decentralized and permissionless crowdfunding platform, which is opening up a new way of fundraising in the crypto space. If a project is launching an IDO, it means the project is launching a coin or token via a decentralized liquidity exchange or IDO platform. Traders can swap between different crypto assets and stablecoins based on market conditions. IDO platforms enable companies to launch a token and access immediate liquidity.
Fundraising is a vital part of early project development – teams need to pay their workers and afford partnerships or new technologies. In the real world, this is done through public stock offerings that invite investors to buy shares of a company. That money goes toward employees who develop the business and increase share values.
This fundraising method has carried over into crypto, with tokens taking the place of stocks. Each project offers a set amount of tokens, broken up into different avenues like team payments, public use, and more.
Scaleswap’s IDO Launchpad
Scaleswap is a community-driven IDO launchpad focused on transparency with a long-term vision to transform the current IDO approach to a more sustainable, less market-dependent system that honors loyalty. It deploys an Ethereum layer 2 scaling protocol powered by Polygon that allows users to enjoy low fees and convenience.
What makes Scaleswap different from other launchpads?
ScaleSCORE
One of Scaleswap’s major differentiators is that they shift from pure lotteries and valuing only the amount of tokens that are held to a multi-dimensional loyalty scoring system where users can earn guaranteed participation in pools over time. In contrast to their competitors, holding $SCA tokens is only one of six dimensions that are used to measure loyalty and participation. And not all criteria are $SCA token related. The system was designed to ensure that the most committed supporters of their mission are always rewarded (rather than simply favoring those with the biggest budgets).
ScaleSCORE will be the core element of the platform and the deciding factor for unlocking all of the wonderful benefits in the Scaleswap ecosystem — private pool participation, advanced platform features (ie. autopilot participation feature), determining voting power in their DAO, being considered in weighted airdrops from partners, and more.
Transparency
The team knew that most IDO launchpads are not known for its fairness and transparency. As such, Scaleswap aims to change that in a major way by setting new standards in fairness, transparency and a fully community-governed launchpad (in a DAO that is legally backed by a foundation).
Advanced Technology & Seamless UX
The Scaleswap platform makes use of the most advanced technical solutions, while simultaneously providing a state-of-the-art user experience that eliminates many of the common barriers to entry that DeFi users face. There will be no more getting priced out of network usage by the larger players. Scaleswap provides everyone with truly open access to an affordable, user-friendly, and fair IDO experience to support the successful launch of innovative blockchain-based projects.
Ethereum Layer 2 Scaling
Scaleswap is powered by Polygon’s Ethereum layer 2 solution, fully customized with unique features to deliver IDO participants with lower fees, instant execution of transactions, and a drastically improved DeFi experience. Polygon, backed by Coinbase and Binance, is the leading Layer 2 Aggregator for Ethereum and is providing Scaleswap with full technical and marketing support. The team also actively researches and follows the development progress on additional cutting-edge scaling solutions and further protocols for possible future integrations.
Security
The Scaleswap tech team is led by co-founder Stanislav Stolberg, who has an extensive background in information security, and places the strongest possible emphasis in that area. They use a security by design development approach and utilize several high-level external consultants who permanently review the code and the infrastructure.
Hacken, a premiere cybersecurity company and leader in the blockchain security sector, completed a code review and security analysis of Scaleswap’s Smart Contracts. Hacken assigned their smart contracts with the highest possible rating of “well-secured”, having uncovered zero critical issues. Their full findings can be viewed here.
The team has positioned themselves as an Ethereum Layer 2 Platform, but they will indeed integrate vital multi-chain/ bridge opportunities in the future, thus enabling users to participate across multiple blockchain ecosystems. Scaleswap has already integrated with BSC and Fantom. Potential candidates for future integration include Solana, Avalanche, Polkadot, and CasperLabs.
Strong Infrastructure for Deal Flow
Scaleswap has been diligent in assembling an elite backing of strategic partners to ensure a strong network (for Scaleswap as well as their launch partners), CEX listings, influencers, and most importantly, deal flow. In order to disrupt the current system and establish a more fair and sustainable approach, it was imperative to carefully select the best fitting partners who could provide the strongest networks and highest value-adds to ensure consistent deal flow of the highest quality projects.
Scaleswap’s IDO Process
Scaleswap’s IDO consists of 2 pools- a public sale pool and a private pool. The private pool is only for their loyal members who have a certain amount of scaleSCORE. To gain access in the private pool, you need to have yourself ranked within the top few hundreds of the scaleSCORE ranking. The team will investigate the blockchain to calculate and rank each of the whitelisted participants using their scaleSCORE metrics. An excel sheet for the rankings will be published a few hours before the IDO starts. The top few hundreds will have a guaranteed place in the IDO but they will need to participate in the IDO within the first 15 minutes of the sale, or the spot will be given to the next 50 rankers.
$SCA Token
$SCA is the native ERC-20 token of Scaleswap. It is a pure utility token that will enable and empower a multitude of use cases.
Pool Participation
$SCA token holders will obtain allocation in pools based on their ScaleSCORE. Achieving a high enough score will guarantee max allocation in all preferred pools.
Governance
$SCA token holders will build the governance organization within the ScaleDAO, which is planned to be built on the latest layer 2 DAO platform of MetisDAO. Voting power in the DAO will be weighted based on ScaleSCORE.
Platform Fees & Token Burns
Scaleswap pool fees are required to be paid in the native $SCA token and will subsequently be burned after the utility is used up. This is an organic way of burning tokens similar to consuming a voucher and stays within the framework of a real utility token. Therefore, it is easier to avoid any additional “buy-back and burn” activities.
Airdrops
Airdrops have always been a popular way for projects to accelerate early growth. Airdropping to $SCA token holders takes all of the guesswork out of the equation since distributions are weighted by ScaleSCORE. This ensures two things: the most loyal community members are always rewarded, and the project airdropping tokens is onboarding the most proven and strongest of supporters.
Potential for Growth
Polygon has grown massively in late 2021, with more daily active users than the Ethereum network for the first time. This would mean greater potential for $SCA as user growth would attract more protocols to launch on Matic and work with launchpads such as Scaleswap.
Scaleswap has recently entered a partnership with Nasdaq listed firm, WISeKey International Holding Ltd, to successfully launch the NFT platform, WISe.Art. The NFT platform and technology stack allows tokenization of digital and physical assets in the form of NFTs with platform governance and utility managed by WISeKey’s own TrusteCoin utility token (TEC DAO Token).
Scaleswap will also become the first market player to implement wrapped NFT technology in their new product: multi-chain wNFT pre-IDO Launchpad.
At the same time, Scaleswap is working on integrating crucial multi-chain or bridge opportunities in the future, allowing the community to engage in different blockchain ecosystems which will expand their reach beyond the Polygon ecosystem. Scaleswap is consistently working on building behind the scenes with their partnerships and technology integration, promising a lot of potential growth to come.
Conclusion
The IDO landscape is riddled with unsustainable motives, non-transparency, exploitation of community members, and pure luck-based lottery mechanisms. Being able to participate in IDO launches is strongly budget-driven, often mirrored in tier structures — with one basic principle: The more of the native token you hold/stake, the more rights you have.
Scaleswap is the first truly fair IDO launchpad, focused on transparency and a long-term vision to transform IDOs into a more sustainable, market-independent, and community-driven launch strategy where fair treatment and remuneration of loyal community members is of the highest priority.
To follow their development and news, check out Scaleswap’s official channels:
