Make sense of the news and how it affects the blockchain space as a whole. Crypto trends is a collection of relevant news and insights to help you make an informed decision.
The concept of the “Flippening” has been increasingly gaining traction in the crypto space. It refers to the hypothetical moment when Ethereum (ETH) surpasses Bitcoin (BTC) as the most valuable cryptocurrency by market capitalization. The Flippening is important because it would signify a major shift in the overall direction of the crypto landscape, signalling a change in investor sentiment and adoption patterns.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0lQ8bz9QRBo
While the Flippening is not set in stone, there are compelling data that indicate it is coming, and sooner than you think… Here’s why:
The Case for Bitcoin
Being the world’s first cryptocurrency, Bitcoin has maintained its throne on the crypto market since its genesis block in 2009. It is often considered as the safest digital store of value by investors, with its limited supply structure similar to the scarcity of gold, hence its nickname “digital gold.” As such, Bitcoin is usually the primary choice of cryptocurrency for financial institutions looking to get involved. As far as mainstream adoption goes, Bitcoin has led the way so far.
However, Bitcoin’s Proof-of-Work (PoW) consensus model is highly energy-intensive, sparking criticisms of the network’s impact on the environment. Additionally, the usage of Bitcoin is only limited to exchanging and storing value. This is where Ethereum has much more to offer.
The Case for Ethereum
As the second most valuable cryptocurrency, Ethereum is designed to be used as the foundation of a decentralized, blockchain-based internet — an idea that is become known as Web3. Apart from exchanging and storing value, Ethereum introduced smart contract functionalities that allows developers to do all kinds of innovative and creative things on the network. This brought about a proliferation of financial products that have enabled a much broader range of investors.
Ethereum earned its nickname “digital oil” because it is a utility-based asset like oil, fuel or gas, and its value is largely dictated by supply and demand mechanisms. Similar to how the world’s global supply chain is fueled by crude oil, Ethereum lays at the heart of the Decentralized Finance (DeFi) space as well as GameFi and Non-Fungible Token (NFT) market. And as the Web3 landscape progresses, demand will increase as more and more people are recognizing the potential of a decentralized internet. It is only a matter of time when Web2 evolves to Web3, and Ethereum is at the centre of that.
Do “Ethereum Killers” Hinder the Flippening?
It is worth noting that Ethereum faces competition from other prominent layer-1 blockchains such as Aptos, Cardano, Solana, BNB Chain, Polkadot, and Avalanche. There is a trending “Ethereum Killer” narrative in which user adoption will be distributed amongst these blockchains instead of focusing on Ethereum only. However, most of these blockchains in fact depend on Ethereum, as one way or another they are associated with the network’s smart contract. As shown in the image below by Cryptowatch, all of the top layer-1 blockchains are closely correlated with Ethereum’s price action.
Comparing Market Share between Bitcoin and Ethereum
As of 11th January 2023, Ethereum’s market share increased by 3% among global crypto assets, signalling its dominance on the rise. According to Coinmarketcap, Ethereum’s market dominance is at 19%, valued at around $856 billion. On another note, Coingecko’s metrics were slightly different, indicating Ethereum’s dominance at 18.3%. But both aggregation websites show that Bitcoin’s market dominance is decreasing, from 40% to 38%.
It is unclear whether this trend will continue, but according to data sourced from Blockchain Center, the Flippening has been on an uptrend since July 2021. And we are nearly halfway for it to happen. It is also worth noting that Ethereum came closest to the Flippening in 2017, when Bitcoin’s market dominance’s dropped by 40.6% and Ethereum took over 32% of the market amidst the situation.
In reference to the data provided by Blockchain Center, there are also other metrics apart from market cap that determines the Flippening. As of now, Bitcoin is still by far superior in trading volume, which is a crucial metric for adoption usage. However, Ethereum has Bitcoin beat in active addresses, transaction count and volume, and total USD transaction fees.
Outperformance of Ethereum will be primarily driven by the strength of its post-Merge fundamentals. The upcoming Shanghai Upgrade will significantly reduce the risk and opportunity cost of staking ETH, which is likely to attract participation from more crypto users.
Key Takeaway
Despite Ethereum’s increasing adoption and market dominance, Bitcoin still reigns supreme in the crypto space. In fact, Bitcoin saw significant adoption in 2021-2022 from retail and institutional investors, public companies, and even countries. As of now, El Savador and the Central African Republic (CAR) have adopted Bitcoin as a legal currency. This is a monumental step towards mainstream adoption.
But that is not to say the Flippening will never happen — it is certainly a possibility. After all, both Bitcoin and Ethereum have different visions. Bitcoin aims to become the global reserve currency, whereas Ethereum aims to become the infrastructure of a global digital economy. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) applies to both assets, but it all comes down to supply and demand mechanisms. If demand in digital money is higher, then Bitcoin dominates. But if demand in utility-based asset in building out a decentralized ecosystem is higher, then Ethereum is generally favored.
The crypto industry had a tumultuous year in 2022, with coins tanking at the start of Q2 and never rallying, signalling the beginning of a crypto winter. To make matters worse, the collapse of Terra Luna and FTX led to a devastating contagion across the industry. Despite the challenges, we shouldn’t forget about the progress and achievements the industry has made. Here’s a brief recap of some of the biggest news in 2022.
Crypto’s Role in the Russia-Ukraine War (February)
During the Russia-Ukraine war, cryptocurrencies have been immensely valuable to Ukrainian refugees. Russian attacks have destroyed critical infrastructure, rendering many Ukrainians inaccessible to withdrawing money from ATM machines. Therefore, many Ukrainian refugees relied on digital currencies sent from relatives or donors abroad to purchase goods and services.
All that is needed for them to access their cryptocurrency wallets is a mobile phone and internet access, which was being provided by the thousands of Starlink satellite internet dishes provided by Elon Musk’s SpaceX at the time.
Feds Interest Rate Hike (March)
Despite Bitcoin reaching an all-time high of $69000+ in November 2021, what follows is a series of market decline. This is in part due to the U.S. Federal Reserve announcing its first interest rate hike in March to fight increasing inflation. As a result, the macro backdrop began to worsen, not only affecting crypto assets but also every other investment asset class. This also called into question Bitcoin’s reputation as an inflation hedge as Bitcoin itself started to trade in tandem with Nasdaq tech stocks, according to the New York Times.
Collapse of Terra Luna (May-July)
The collapse of the Terra Luna ecosystem in May 2022 was one of the most devastating black swan events in crypto history, wiping at least $60 billion off the market which triggered a dangerous domino effect across the industry such as the fall of several high-profile crypto firms, namely Three Arrows Capital, Voyager Digital, and Celsius Network.
Amid the crash, the UST algorithmic stablecoin, which was supposed to maintain a $1 peg via on-chain mechanisms with Terra’s native token LUNA, depegged, bottoming out at $0.006. This was caused by a massive continuous selloff on both UST and LUNA, resulting in a death spiral. Terraform Labs (TFL) developers and founder Do Kwon are facing multiple investigations as well as lawsuits into its collapse. (Canadian Pharmacy) As of now, South Korean authorities and Interpol have issued a warrant for the search and arrest of Do Kwon and his accomplices.
Recovery Plan of Terra Luna Classic (August)
As of now, the Luna Classic blockchain is managed and governed by the community after Terraform Labs (TFL) developers abandoned the chain in support of Luna 2.0. On August 26th 2022, governance was restored as citizens of Luna Classic could delegate, stake, and vote for the future of the ecosystem. Proposals and the associated implementations are being passed by the Terra Classic Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO).
Feds Sanction Tornado Cash (August)
On 8th August 2022, the U.S. Treasury Department imposed sanctions against Tornado Cash, a privacy-focused Ethereum mixing service that obscures the trail back to the fund’s original source. They claimed that Lazarus Group, a cybercrime group run by the North Korean government, has been using Tornado Cash to launder illicit funds.
Moreover, one of the developers for Tornado Cash was arrested in the Netherlands. The crypto community and privacy advocates bashed Netherlands authorities as the developer was simply writing code and had nothing to do with illicit activities. Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin also criticized the move as he himself used Tornado Cash to make donations to Ukraine’s cause.
Ethereum Merge (September)
On 15th September 2022 at 06:42:42 UTC at block 15537393, the Ethereum Merge was completed. This meant a merger of the Ethereum mainnet execution layer and the Beacon Chain’s consensus layer, transitioning from the proof-of-work consensus mechanism to proof-of-stake. This landmark update brings major changes to the network, including a 99.95% reduction in energy consumption and a 90% cut in ETH issuance.
This is a significant achievement in the history of blockchain, allowing the Ethereum network to scale effectively as demand for Web3 and DeFi increase. Since Ethereum is the mother of all smart contract platforms, this could put Ethereum in a position to rival Bitcoin in adoption and even value.
Downfall of FTX and Sam Bankman-Fried (November)
On 11th November 2022, former FTX CEO Sam Bankman-Fried (SBF) filed FTX, FTX US, and Alameda Research for bankruptcy in the U.S. Once hailed as one of the top crypto exchanges, the sudden collapse of FTX came as a shocking blow to the entire crypto industry, setting off yet another contagion across the space. This affected 130 affiliated companies including several high-profile firms such as BlockFi, Genesis Trading, Grayscale, KuCoin, Gemini, Coinbase, Crypto.com, Sequoia Capital, and Galaxy Digital.
Apparently, SBF was misappropriating customer funds for his own benefits without customers’ consent and knowledge, conducting unethical flywheel schemes with Alameda Research. As a result, SBF had been arrested in the Bahamas, facing many criminal charges including securities fraud, money laundering, and campaign finance law violations. However, on 22nd Decemeber 2022, the disgraced FTX founder was released on a $250 million bail.
ChainLink ($LINK) has been a standout project in the cryptocurrency industry since its creation in 2017 by San Francisco based company, SmartContract. The Company is renowned for being a decentralised oracle solution, they act as a middleware agent between traditional data sources, blockchain projects and smart contracts (which drive Decentralised Finance (DeFi) projects) using their $LINK token. Partnership wise, the Company has been linked with national governments like the Chinese government and are consistently building new partnerships with major brands. Clearly, ChainLink is a company that any crypto or blockchain enthusiast should have an understanding of, so here we have compiled a complete guide to this revolutionary project.
What is ChainLink?
ChainLink has prominence because they solved the Oracle Problem. The oracle problem originates from an issue with smart contracts, which are coding instructions that would automatically execute under specific conditions on blockchain networks. Smart contracts are. also immutable, cost effective and self-executing, so technically they are perfect for automating transactions which are transparent and have zero chance of failure. These smart contracts derive their data from “Oracles” (i.e. data sources, APIs etc) , and this is where the problem lies. Smart contracts are only as “smart” as the information fed to them by the oracles. If you feed a smart contract with malicious code or bad data, the smart contract will still process it anyway because it is just code, and what comes out would be incorrect or unpredictable. This is known as the “Oracle Problem”.
That all changed when ChainLink worked out how to retrieve and share information from the Oracles without jeopardizing the security of the blockchain. This was by creating a decentralized blockchain that bridges between the Oracles and the smart contracts. While researching this, I stumbled upon a 스포츠토토 사이트 추천, which provided insights into secure and reliable platforms for sports betting. The system is built on a collection of individual nodes that act as smart contracts on their own to gather the information and, as a result, have created a smart contract infrastructure. Now, instead of having to blindly trust a source, smart contracts can access resources like data feeds, traditional bank account payments, and web APIs.
Why is this important? It is because ChainLink believes its technology will do away with traditional legal agreements and instead the information will be stored on blockchain forever.
What is the $LINK token? What are its uses?
ChainLink is also relevant to the cryptocurrency industry because its Oracles also provide a solution for decentralized applications (dapps) as they too provide a bridge to the outside world.
The $LINK token is ChainLink’s native cryptocurrency and was set up on the Ethereum network using an ERC677 token whose functionality is based on the ERC-20 token standard, it also boasts ‘transfer and call’ functionality. The $LINK token is used as staking for a bidding system for provision of information and for rewards, as will be seen in the following paragraph.
The decentralized oracle network works through a two way system between those who wish to purchase data and those who bid to be the providers of the said data. Providers, also known as “Node Operators” stake ChainLink’s $LINK tokens to make bids to the intended data purchaser. If they win, they must provide the information required by the purchaser on chain through their APIs. The “winning” Node Operator’s payout is determined by the number of operators using the site, and the Oracles implement this decision. Payouts are in the form of the $LINK token.
This system has a number of benefits. When ChainLink is popular with Node Operators, then their value increases. Not only that, but Node Operators are also rewarded for accumulating $LINK tokens through easier access to larger contracts, also increasing $LINK’s value. Those who act maliciously, however, are punished by removal of $LINK tokens.
As you can see the $LINK token allows for self regulating governance of the ChainLink network. Some have suggested that payouts needn’t be in $LINK, but rather any other cryptocurrency would have done the job. Yet, ChainLink’s price performances in recent times have suggested the team in San Francisco were right to go down the native token route.
The $LINK token can be traded on exchanges and is gaining in popularity too. Currently it ranks as the 8th highest market cap according to Coingecko. Available on most major exchanges like Coinbase Pro, Binance and OKEX ChainLink’s token has been a standout performer in recent months. Check out our Coinbase Pro review, Binance review and OKEX review.
ChainLink Partnerships
Unlike other companies who rely on PR and word of mouth to promote themselves, ChainLink has gone about it by courting various companies and governments around the world. Their CEO Sergey Nazarov has been on a charm offensive for a while and has secured numerous allies. This is because ChainLink provides businesses the benefits of decentralization, trust and immutability, all without them having to make a new system. Here’s some of ChainLink’s key partners.
Other Cryptocurrencies- Bitcoin and Hyperledger
In terms of the cryptocurrency field, ChainLink’s oracle services are available on other blockchains such as Bitcoin and Hyperledger. This openness has also opened up the door for a number of high profile partnerships with other blockchain projects that have made commentators and traders take notice of the Company.
Synthetix Network
In March 2019, ChainLink and Synthetix announced a partnership with the aim of improving the Synthetix platform’s price feeds. SNX, the company’s native token, receives data feeds using Chainlink’s decentralized oracle network.
Celer Network
ChainLink has been used by Celer to bring accurate real world data to their layer-2 scaling solution. Now, payments executed off chain can be registered on chain making the real world and blockchain more cohesive. Their joint statement described their union as, “a combination of off-chain conditional state transition with an on-chain oracle dependency. Or put it simply, introducing the capability to combine real-world information and layer-2 scalability.”
Google and ChainLink
ChainLink and their oracles are not just reserved for the cryptocurrency industry. The use cases and partnerships stretch to major internet companies like Google. The search engine company integrated ChainLink’s oracles for its blockchain cloud service. According to a blog post, the oracles will help with data communication between Big Query and other blockchains on the cloud.
Chinese Government Blockchain Service Network (BSN)
In June, the Chinese state backed Blockchain Service Network (BSN) announced its intentions to bring ChainLink in on a consultancy and application basis to help develop the BSN. Reports at the time suggested ChainLink will foster the creation of a “service hub” which would form the bedrock of its “internet of blockchains.” For a full breakdown of the partnership which also involved Cosmos, click here.
SWIFT
SWIFT is a major financial institution/telecommunications company which connects the banking world. They have brought ChainLink on board and are regularly using their technology. SWIFT began using ChainLink’s technology as now any real-world money transfer can be sent into the blockchain from SWIFT via Chainlink. So ChainLink now allows cohesion between traditional banking and the crypto sphere.
Other partnerships
The partnerships don’t stop there. ChainLink has teamed up with betting company, BetProtocol to provide decentralized Esports and Sports Oracles on their website. DocuSign, an online contract company has also brought them onboard.
Future of ChainLink and $LINK prices
Overall, it is clear that ChainLink is an important figure within the blockchain and cryptocurrency industry. Quite how important the oracle technology proves to be will be easier to judge as the world understands and develops blockchain technology. Though currently, all signs point towards a more optimistic outlook
As for the $LINK token, they are clearly a standout which has risen rapidly in the past few months, having gone from $3.72 in early May 2020 to reach a new all-time high of over $14. In fact, as a Forbes report noted in July 2020, the $LINK token has “soared 1,000% in just over 12 months”. One factor in the token’s recent success is the increase in partnerships since 2019. Another reason is definitely the recent DeFi fever, especially since ChainLink and the DeFi space are so interlinked as ChainLink provides oracles for the smart contracts that power various DeFi projects.
We can also see that people also have positive thoughts on the project, a huge majority of users on Coingecko voting positively.
ChainLink vs Zeus Capital LLP
Zeus Capital, purportedly an asset management and research firm published a report on 15th July 2020 accusing Chainlink of being a classic “pump and dump”. The Report alleges ChainLink of using techniques such as inside trading, artificial transactions, overhyping the project, and questioning whether ChainLink actually has partnerships with companies like Google and Oracle. According to Zeus Capital, this was to drive up the price of $LINK prior to the team dumping the coin onto innocent investors. They concluded their Report saying that “Based on our findings we have opened a short position in LINK and recommend you doing the same with a target price of USD0.07 and potential upside of nearly 100%.”
In addition to promoting the Report through advertisements on Twitter, screenshots have also been circulating saying that Zeus Capital was offering Twitter cryptocurrency influencers rewards of up to 5 Bitcoin to post price analysis indicating that LINK prices would fall.
Twitter user @iceberg trolls Zeus Capital asking for 5 BTC to post bad chart and Zeus Capital actually seems to accept the offer.
Supporters of ChainLink retaliated, accusing Zeus Capital of spreading fear, uncertainty and doubt (FUD). On the day the Report was published, prices for LINK went up to $8.73. Meanwhile, the real Zeus Capital, a prominent investment banking operation based in London came forward on 20th July 2020 to say it did not produce the Reports.
Zeus Capital then doubled down on their allegations against ChainLink by publishing a follow-up report on 31st July 2020 titled “Exposing Chainlink’s Pump and Dump Scheme”. They also doubled down on their stance in the Report: “The current tokenomics and lack of commercial applications cannot justify LINK’s price. As a result, we recommend short selling LINK with a target price of 7 US cents”. The Follow-up Report also concludes with a disclosure that they hold a short position on $LINK.
Despite these damning reports, prices for LINK continued to remain strong. This meant that those who were shorting LINK, i.e. counting on prices to drop, were getting squeezed out of their positions. This all came to a head on the morning of 8th August 2020 when prices for LINK crossed over the USD $11 threshold. During that time, data showed that millions worth of Chainlink short positions were partially or fully liquidated. A notable example of this was a short position worth around USD$20 million which seems to have been entirely liquidated, leaving the wallet pretty dry with only USD $299.66 remaining.
It is noted that there is no conclusive evidence to say that any of these liquidated accounts belonged to Zeus Capital. However one thing is certain- ChainLink, helped by its supporters i.e. the Link Marines were able to successfully shake off the FUD. And as at the time of this update, LINK prices had peaked at USD$14.34, almost double the prices when the first Report was published.
What has 2020 brought to Chainlink?
2020 has been a favorable year for Chainlink ($LINK). It has been one of the best performing coins and secured its spot in the top10 assets ranking by mcap. It is now sitting at n°9 with a market cap close to $8 billion dollars.
Chainlink is widely recognized as the most used oracle in crypto and has been a backbone for Defi’s explosion. Many are the collaborations announced, over 300, not only on the Ethereum blockchain. Chainlink is also expanding to other chains such as Polkadot and Tezos. Results have exceeded expectations and the company has also been recognized, among 6 other blockchain companies (Lightning Labs, MakerDAO, Elliptic, Bitmark, Ripio, Veridium Labs) by the World Economic Forum among the 100 most promising Technology Pioneers of 2020.
The team has allegedly doubled its size and acquired important strategic pieces. Ari Juels, now Chief Scientist at Chainlink Labs, was one of the 2 writers of the first Proof of Work paper. He has also developed Deco, a privacy-preserving technology now acquired by Chainlink, at Cornell University together with other researchers.
“Deco allows oracles to attest to the validity of information in trusted databases/systems without exposing it to the public or even the oracle itself using … Zero-Knowledge Proofs. Essentially, the oracle can join a user-initiated web session to attest to some requested information— possibly to verify someone’s identity, approve their financial information, or check key government records”.
The data will never leave the selected database so the info will remain stored in trusted locations, enhancing the privacy and usability of the blockchain. An important possible application could be transactions that can meet KYC (Know Your Customer) or AML (Ant Money Laundering) requirements without exposing sensitive information on-chain.
2021 looks certainly promising. The company will continue with its focus on security while bringing as much data as possible on-chain, from different sectors. This will provide huge improvements and development to the whole crypto space.
Decentralised Finance (DeFi) series: tutorials, guides and more
With content for both beginners and more advanced users, check out our YouTube DeFi series containing tutorials on the ESSENTIAL TOOLS you need for trading in the DeFi space e.g. MetaMask and Uniswap. As well as a deep dive into popular DeFi topics such as decentralized exchanges, borrowing-lending platforms and NFT marketplaces
More videos and articles are coming soon as part of our DeFi series, so be sure to SUBSCRIBE to our Youtube channel so you can be notified as soon as they come out!
Disclaimer: Cryptocurrency trading involves significant risks and may result in the loss of your capital. You should carefully consider whether trading cryptocurrencies is right for you in light of your financial condition and ability to bear financial risks. Cryptocurrency prices are highly volatile and can fluctuate widely in a short period of time. As such, trading cryptocurrencies may not be suitable for everyone. Additionally, storing cryptocurrencies on a centralized exchange carries inherent risks, including the potential for loss due to hacking, exchange collapse, or other security breaches. We strongly advise that you seek independent professional advice before engaging in any cryptocurrency trading activities and carefully consider the security measures in place when choosing or storing your cryptocurrencies on a cryptocurrency exchange.
Cryptocurrency Exchanges are facing additional regulation and scrutiny around the world. Two key exchanges – OKEX and Huobi are under regulatory scrutiny in China. One of the reasons for the scrutiny is that both these exchanges had a huge footprint in China prior to the 2017 Exchange ban. To find out about top cryptocurrency exchanges, check out our Exchange Tier List. Here are the major changes to the exchange scene in November 2020.
OKEx Exchange withdraws suspended
It has been almost a month since Okex Exchange suspended all withdrawals from the platform. This was due to one of their private key holders (Star Xu) being detained for investigation by a “public security bureau”. OKEx has always claimed that Xu is not detained but only actively cooperating with the relevant authorities for something unrelated to the Exchange back in 2019.
No withdrawal has happened since 16 October 2020; in OKEx’s last Twitter post, dated 9 November 2020, they claim that the function is not yet active but funds are safe and unaffected.
Withdrawals reopened!
After more than a month since their suspension announcement, Okex exchange has finally reopened unrestricted withdrawals on November 27. In addition, there will be rewards for active users. Read all the details in our developing article.
KuCoin recovers around 84% of funds in hack
As covered in our previous Newsletter, KuCoin had confirmed on 26th September 2020 that they had been hacked, resulting in around USD $236m worth of funds being lost.
On 11th November 2020, CEO and Co-founder Johnny Lyu confirmed that around 84% of affected assets have been recovered. Several means were utilised to do this, for example on-chain tracking, contract upgrade and through the judicial system.
Currently, 176 of their listed tokens have resumed full services, and it is expected that the remaining listed tokens will all be re-opened before 22nd November 2020.
(1/3) Latest updates about #KuCoin Security Incident: So far, 84% of the affected assets have been recovered via approaches like on-chain tracking, contract upgrade and judicial recovery. As asked by the law enforcements, we will publish all the details once the case is closed.
Update from CEO and Co-founder Johnny Lyu on the KuCoin hack situation
Huobi Rumors go wild
On 2 November 2020 a few big transactions worth hundreds of millions into Huobi Exchange have been spotted; although this could be routine for a big Exchange like this, users were worried since the issues with OKEx exchange were still ongoing.
There were also rumours that, similar to OKEx, key executives of Huobi were detained for investigations.
This created an escalated FUD that ended up with a massive drop in value for $HT (Huobi Token), as well as worried users quickly withdrawing their cryptocurrencies from the Exchange.
Huobi official account subsequently tweeted denying all rumours and classifying them as false.
For now, everything seems to be back to normal and no more news have emerged since.
A few weeks after Binance Jersey announced that the Exchange, launched in January 2019, will be fully closed by 30th November 2020 (no explanation was given but it’s presumed that it wasn’t necessary anymore, after deposits in EUR and GBP have been enabled directly on Binance.com), Binance Uganda will cease to exist as well.
Binance Uganda was launched in June 2018 and has been the first fiat-to-crypto Binance platform, even though it had been stated more than once that it was a separate entity capable of independent decisions.
An explanation was provided by the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Changpeng Zhao:
“All the features that Binance Uganda provides [are] now covered by Binance.com together with our fiat channel partners. There’s a very minimal number of users on there, so it doesn’t make sense for us to maintain two platforms”.
The process will consist of three different phases: Closure of Deposits and New Registrations; Closure of all Trading Services, and final Hard Shutdown on the 28 November 2020.
Users are strongly recommended to transfer their funds out of the Exchange before 00:00 UTC on 28/11/2020.
Is Binance blocking US-based users?
Reports are emerging that Binance has started to block users based in the US from accessing the Exchange. According to The Block, emails were circulated to US-based users who were told to withdraw their funds within 90 days.
This is in any event in line with their announcement back in September 2019 that they will no longer serve customers from the US. They are also likely doing this now considering the ongoing legal actions against BitMEX and its key personnel.
Binance.com is now giving a 14 days notice to US customers
As a consequence to what we reported a few weeks ago, it appears that some US customers who are still using the “.com” version of the exchange are receiving a 14 days notice letter. In the email, as they reported, Binance is informing that due to their “periodic sweeps”, US residents are being asked to withdraw all their funds within 14 days or their funds will be blocked.
It is not clear whether the identification process is only based on KYCs or on IP addresses as well; in the first case, it could be possible that US customers who skip the KYC process accepting lower deposits/withdrawals limits could still use the platform.
Binance.com has been trying to remove its US customers for a while as the exchange doesn’t have any regulatory standing in America. US customers can use Binance.US, an exchange with far less pairs that is therefore not as attractive to traders as the classic “.com” version.
Coinbase Pro is disabling Margin Trading
In a blog post on Nov 24, the Chief Legal Officer Paul Grewal announced that customers wouldn’t have been able to place margin trades after November 25, 2PM PT time. The existing positions will remain effective until the last one will have expired; at that moment the product will go offline.
The decision comes as a consequence to the finalized “Interpretive guidance on actual delivery of Digital Assets” by the CFTC (Commodity Futures Trading Commission) in March. You can read more here. In the letter we can read:
“We believe clear, common sense regulations for margin lending products are needed to protect and provide peace of mind to U.S customers. We look forward to working closely with regulators to achieve this goal”.
Australian Exchange BTC Markets exposed users’ data
On December 1st during a routine marketing round of emails to their users, Australian exchange BTC Markets, one of the most famous in the continent, accidentally exposed their users’ data. Names and emails where all together displayed in the “to” field and sent in batches of 1000 at a time, exposing each personal user’s data to 99 other email addresses.
Caroline Bowler, the CEO, immediately confirmed the data exposure adding that nothing more than names and emails were exposed, while funds and passwords remained safe. Nonetheless, we know this type of exposure can (and probably will) lead to unwanted campaigns or phishing emails, therefore users should always doublecheck the sender of the emails before clicking anything suspicious.
The exchange is now working on additional measures and has advised their clients to change email passwords and set up 2 factor authentication on their accounts.
Thanks for this Chloe. We are working on additional security measures to bolster what is currently in place. In the meantime, we advise our clients to change their email password; set-up 2FA on their account; and be vigilant to email phishing attacks. https://t.co/0x56Kc2xEv
Centralised cryptocurrency exchanges do have custody of the cryptocurrencies in your account trading wallets. Therefore if anything happens to the exchanges, your funds can be affected!
So don’t keep more funds in exchanges than you need for day to day use or trading! Keep your cryptocurrencies safe and under your OWN custody, ideally in a hardware wallet.
Disclaimer: Cryptocurrency trading involves significant risks and may result in the loss of your capital. You should carefully consider whether trading cryptocurrencies is right for you in light of your financial condition and ability to bear financial risks. Cryptocurrency prices are highly volatile and can fluctuate widely in a short period of time. As such, trading cryptocurrencies may not be suitable for everyone. Additionally, storing cryptocurrencies on a centralized exchange carries inherent risks, including the potential for loss due to hacking, exchange collapse, or other security breaches. We strongly advise that you seek independent professional advice before engaging in any cryptocurrency trading activities and carefully consider the security measures in place when choosing or storing your cryptocurrencies on a cryptocurrency exchange.
Tidal finance has developed a protocol to protect capital invested in Liquidity Pools (LP) from data breaches and hacks through insurance pools.
The DeFi space grew exponentially in 2020— unperturbed by the general uneasiness surrounding the pandemic. By the end of the year, the total value locked (TVL) in LPs have grown from $500 million to $27 billion.
Attracted by the prospects of blockchain technology and its huge potential returns, LP providers had deposited billions in dollars worth of crypto assets to the advancement of the DeFi subsector. But with increased hacks and security breaches, LPs are becoming significantly more skeptical about their investments. This is where Tidal Finance comes in with a solution.
Background
Chad Liu, the founder of Tidal Finance, is an engineer and mathematician who had noticed that the Defi industry was stagnated by insufficient risk tolerance.
And in 2020, Liu was introduced to Co-founder Dan Raykhman (now CTO), with whom he shared the same vision. Liu had a background in finance and business. And together, they ventured to capitalize on their expertise to build a decentralized insurance market — now Tidal Finance.
What is Tidal Finance?
Tidal finance is an open market that allows users to create programmable insurance pools for different asset configurations.
Essentially, Tidal Finance is a market that encourages the creation of liquidity pools while also providing the resources necessary to protect the LP provider’s capital.
Tidal gets LP providers to create reserve capital for different pools. This way, many mutual cover pools are created. Whenever a user wishes for additional protection for (insure) his capital, he can purchase any of the available mutual coverage.
Tidal finance is built on the Polkadot network where it functions similarly to Balancer, but with improved security against loss capital, to improve liquidity for various emerging crypto assets.
Insurance Pool
Tidal Finance provides a framework that allows users to create customizable insurance pools. Each pool, regardless of asset-pair, can be covered by different terms (premium, cover period, etc.) LPs are then at the luxury of choosing which pool best satisfies their needs. There are currently 3 asset pairs that are covered: COMP.DAI, Aave.ETH, and Uni. (ETH, WBTC).ETH.
How Tidal Finance Works
The platform is an open market. That is, it only provides the tools needed to create an insurance pool. Therefore, users can configure pools using these tools to create an abundant insurance market that offers different conditions and terms (for different pools of protocols, tokens, and other assets) to LPs looking to stake their digital assets.
At the heart of every insurance pool is a Reserve Smart Contract. Here, reserve funds are provided by LPs. This helps to increase the reserve capital efficiency, protocol auditing, and improve risk management.
To ensure that the insurance pool created is sustainable, a vetting process is carried out while the insolvency risk is examined. And if the pool is assessed to hold out, it is allowed into the market where LPs and Insurance buyers can interact freely.
Basic Single Asset vs. Multi-Asset Pools
Basic single asset pools involve coverage for single asset types. While the risks involved are straightforward and pretty easy to calculate, the rewards are comparatively smaller.
On the other hand, multi-asset pools combine different assets and smart contracts to make a fairly complex insurance pool. It allows sufficient leverage as well as risk for high reward potentials.
Features of Tidal Finance
Tidal Finance is an aggregate of highly functional features that allows the creation of an insurance pool.
Pool Creation Template
Insurance pool templates are created by choosing from the available list, smart contracts, and assets to be covered. Then, other parameters can be customized, including the coverage duration and leverage ratio.
Auditors can now look at the template to assess the insolvency risk during the vetting process.
Approved pool templates are made available on the Tidal market for LPs to use. Furthermore, LPs can find pool templates that meet their specific token/protocol needs.
Pool Statistics and Ranking
The Tidal market provides a statistical display of the performance of available pool templates. The statistical data are collected from previously created pool templates.
Each pool template is indexed into a ranking list. The ranking provides the weighted average of key metrics, including current & max pool capital, current and max return on capital, current and max covered amount, capital reserve ratio, etc.
Users can also search through available pools using the ranking order.
Controlling Algorithm
Tidal uses algorithms to regulate the activities of pool creators to mitigate risk exposure. The combined effects of several algorithms guide pool creators to manage risk effectively. At launch, tidal would provide a list of rules to guide the activities of each insurance pool. These rules were constructed to mitigate risk and ensure the success of insurance pools.
Controlled algorithms that would be initiated at launch would enforce these guidelines.
Earn returns with Tidal Finance liquidity pools
Tidal Finance also lets you provide liquidity into their 3 liquidity pools to earn returns. The lockup period ranges from 30-90 days and the apparent return ranges from 20% to 300%.
Tidal Token ($TIDAL)
Tidal Finance’s token $TIDAL is the native token to the Tidal platform. The token is vital to the platform’s smooth operation as it allows holders to vote on important decisions regarding the project and rewards all the various participants.
When the Tidal protocol generates revenue, holders of the $TIDAL token are entitled to a percentage of it based on their staked amount and purchased amount of covers. This scheme is intended to incentivize users to participate actively in the Tidal community. Other than the small percentage reserved for this purpose, the rest of the revenue is deposited in the treasury wallet, which is an emergency backup fund for insurance pools running out of reserves.
The distributed percentage is adjusted frequently to prevent inflation.
Governance
The tidal protocol is managed by a Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO). It is made up of stakeholders that are LPs, Pool creators, and other users. But any other holder of the token qualifies as a member of the Tidal DAO.
Members of the DAO are able to propose changes and vote on them in a transparent approach. However, issues with higher stakes are left to the deliberation of long-term holders alone.
Partnership with Reef Finance
Tidal has partnered with another member of the Polkadot ecosystem, Reef Finance. The aim of this partnership is to promote decentralised smart contract insurance solutions to increase security for platform users. In particular, Tidal Finance will be empowering Reef Finance users by allowing them to create customized insurance pools.
Conclusion
Individuals and other entities are likely to be motivated to participate in liquidity pools when their capitals are safeguarded. This would provide the much-needed liquidity for upcoming blockchain projects and accelerate the growth of the cryptocurrency industry.
Designed to launch on Polkadot’s network, one of the highest growing crypto ecosystems in 2020, Tidal Finance holds high expectations among investors and liquidity miners. Could Tidal truly bring forth the long-overdue coverage needed in the DeFi space? Online time will tell. LPs, for one, would definitely be rooting for it.
Disclaimer: Cryptocurrency trading involves significant risks and may result in the loss of your capital. You should carefully consider whether trading cryptocurrencies is right for you in light of your financial condition and ability to bear financial risks. Cryptocurrency prices are highly volatile and can fluctuate widely in a short period of time. As such, trading cryptocurrencies may not be suitable for everyone. Additionally, storing cryptocurrencies on a centralized exchange carries inherent risks, including the potential for loss due to hacking, exchange collapse, or other security breaches. We strongly advise that you seek independent professional advice before engaging in any cryptocurrency trading activities and carefully consider the security measures in place when choosing or storing your cryptocurrencies on a cryptocurrency exchange.
Binance Chain was launched by Binance in April 2019. Home of the Binance Token ($BNB) currency, it is optimized for ultra-fast trading. To achieve this, it had to make certain trade-offs, one being that it wasn’t as flexible from a programmability standpoint as other blockchains. Smart contracts in a system optimized for fast trading could significantly congest the network. Like how CryptoKitties brought Ethereum blockchain to a standstill at the height of its popularity and scalability remains one of the most challenging hurdles to blockchain development.
Binance Smart Chain aims at changing this problem. It is a new blockchain with a full-fledged environment for developing high-performance decentralized applications. It was built for cross-chain compatibility with Binance Chain to ensure that users get the best of both worlds. Binance Smart Chain went live on mainnet on September 01, 2020, activating the parallel blockchain to Binance Chain, enabling the creation of smart contracts and the staking mechanism for BNB.
Binance Smart Chain (BSC) is best described as a blockchain that runs in parallel to the Binance Chain. However, unlike Binance Chain, BSC boasts smart contract functionality and compatibility with the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). The design goal here was to leave the high throughput of Binance Chain intact while introducing smart contracts into its ecosystem.
BSC is not a layer two or off-chain scalability solution for the existing Binance Chain. It’s an independent blockchain that could run even if Binance Chain went offline. Because BSC is EVM-compatible, it makes it easy for developers to port their projects over from Ethereum. For users, it means that applications like MetaMask can be easily configured to work with BSC with just tweaking a couple of settings.
Binance Smart Chain vs Binance Chain: Differences?
Binance Smart Chain was envisioned as an independent but complementary system to the existing Binance Chain with the idea being that users can seamlessly transfer assets from one blockchain to another. In this way, rapid trading can be enjoyed on Binance Chain, while powerful decentralized apps can be built on BSC.
Binance Smart Chain supports the BEP-20 token standard, which uses the same functions as its Ethereum counterpart ERC-20, while Binance Chain, supports the BEP-2 token standard. BEP20 is a developer-friendly token standard that allows anyone to deploy fungible digital currencies or tokens on Binance Smart Chain. What’s more, leading digital assets on other chains can be ported onto Binance Smart Chain in the form of pegged BEP20 tokens. For example, you could use Binance Bridge to swap bitcoin (BTC) for BTCB (BEP20) tokens backed by BTC. BTCB (BEP20) tokens can then be deployed in DeFi protocols to earn yield on bitcoin. The same goes for ETH, XRP, DOGE, and many more.
To move tokens from one chain to another, the simplest method is perhaps to use the Binance Chain Wallet, available on Chrome and Firefox. The cross-chain transfer is the key communication between the two blockchains. Essentially the logic is that the transfer-out blockchain will lock the amount from source owner addresses into a system-controlled address/contracts. The transfer-in blockchain will unlock the amount from the system-controlled address/contracts and send it to target addresses.
Binance cross-chain transfer (Image credit:BSC Whitepaper)
Ethereum-Compatible
Smart contracts, which are Ethereum-compatible, are supported by BSC. Through this feature, developers can build or migrate DApps, tools and other ecosystem components on the BSC network without much friction.
Proof-of-Staked-Authority
The platform runs on a proof-of-staked-authority consensus model. This combines both delegated PoS and proof-of-authority (PoA) to achieve network consensus and maintain blockchain security.
In this model, there are elected validators who take turns in confirming transactions on the network and are tasked to produce the blocks in a PoA manner, which puts the amount of their stake and their reputation in the community into consideration. To become a validator, a user must stake BNB.
This consensus model allows BSC to achieve around three-second block times. If a block proposed by the validator gets added to the chain, they receive the transaction fees incurred in that block as their reward. PoA is known for its capacity to thwart 51% attacks, as well as its tolerance for Byzantine attacks.
Validator Quorum
A validator quorum is required to secure the BSC network. The blockchain has 21 validators that are elected by BNB stakers every 24 hours. Anyone can be a candidate for election as a validator, but only those who belong to the top 21 highest-staked nodes will be chosen for the next validator set.
There is an “epoch” period for the platform, where validator sets can update the BSC network as needed. Every epoch period consists of 240 blocks, which is around 20 minutes. BSC also implements “slashing” to disincentivize malicious actors from validating inaccurate transactions or double signing. Slashing is designed to expose an attacker and make their attempts extremely expensive to execute.
Key Metric Comparison
Binance Smart Chain has made immense traction in early 2021 so far partly thanks to Ethereum’s congestion and gas fee issues, which has caused developers and staking investors to look for other options.
BSC is the most used blockchain in terms of unique active wallets averaging 105,000 in March 2021.
Gas prices were almost 14 times lower on BSC if compared to Ethereum in 2021 Q1.
Although Ethereum is still leading in terms of TVL with $54 billion. BSC TVL saw 121% growth month-on-month.
BSC finance dapp Venus has surpassed Compound and Uniswap in terms of TVL reaching $6.3 billion at the end of Q1 2021.
The BSC community made the network even more appealing to new users as a cost-effective and stable alternative, by lowering its gas fee from 15 Gwei to 10 Gwei to counter Binance Coin (BNB)’s price jump to over $600 in April 2021. At the end of March 2021, BSC gas fees were 14 times lower than on Ethereum. As a result, in Q1 2021 BSC generated record-high figures.
BSC vs Ethereum gas price comparison (Image credit: DappRadar)
According to the “DappRadar Q1 industry report”, in terms of key metrics, daily unique active wallets grew by 639% year-on-year from 62,000 in 2020 Q1 to more than 458,000 in 2021 Q1. BSC has led the pack with average daily unique active wallets of 105,000. In March, the chain also had the biggest increase in terms of unique active wallets by 50% month-on-month. The Ethereum and Flow blockchains generated an average of around 75,000 and 53,000 daily unique active wallets respectively.
Unique active wallets by protocol
Binance Smart Chain dAPPs
Some of the most popular decentralized applications on BSC are listed below with the full list of dApps available in DappRadar:
PancakeSwapis the number one automated market maker (AMM) on Binance Smart Chain. The ascent of BSC in 2021 cannot be described properly without mentioning the PancakeSwap exchange. The BSC-based decentralized exchange has seen remarkable growth in 2021, both for trading volume as well as its governance token CAKE. Like Uniswap or SushiSwap, you can do token swaps for BEP-20 tokens on PancakeSwap. Users can also earn passive income by providing liquidity, take part in lottery to win NFTs, participate in token sales, compete for spots on the leaderboard, and so on. PancakeSwap has become the second most popular DEX after Ethereum’s UniSwap.
BakerySwap is a decentralized automated market-making (AMM) protocol on BSC and its first NFT trading platform, ‘Bakery NFT Supermarket’. BakerySwap aims to be a faster and cheaper version of Uniswap. BAKE token is the native BEP-20 governance token of the platform and users can earn BAKE tokens by providing liquidity on BakerySwap. BAKE can be used to compose a random combo meal, which is a unique NFT(None-fungible token). Your unique NFT combo is not only a collectible item, but also a BAKE farming tool. Each NFT combo has a staking power and can be staked to earn BAKE.
Venus can be seen as a hybrid of Compound and MakerDAO on BSC. It is a borrow-lending protocol like Compound or Aave on Ethereum. It’s a decentralized money market where you can borrow and lend BEP-20 tokens with algorithmically set interest rates. Venus also enables a decentralized stablecoin called VAI, which is backed by a basket of cryptoassets.
Autofarm is a leading DeFi yield aggregator on BSC that has 3 products as part of the Autofarm ecosystem, namely Vaults (yield optimizer), AutoSwap (DEX Aggregator), and farmfolio. The yield optimizer implements the most optimal strategies at the lowest cost to maximize users’ yields and AutoSwap implements optimizations to route users swap trades so that users can find the best price and swap rates. Lastly, farmfolio is an intelligent portfolio manager and tracker which helps users manage their assets across various DeFi farming projects. The AUTO token is the platform’s native token. Tokenomics are deflationary and AUTO holders get to benefit from fees from cross-chain vaults, DEX aggregator, and the token will also be used for governance.
Spartan Protocolis a synthetic asset protocol on BSC. It allows users to create liquidity pools for BEP-20 tokens like other AMMs. However, it aims to allow for the creation of synthetic assets collateralized by liquidity pools, as well as lending and on-chain derivatives moving forward. Spartan Protocol provides community-governed and programmable token emissions functions to incentivize the formation of deep liquidity pools. This strong base of liquidity will be utilized to provide asset swaps, synthetic token generation, lending, derivatives and more. The common base asset SPARTA provides an internal pricing mechanism without reliance on external oracles. Binance Smart Chain was chosen as the protocol’s home to allow for near-instant settlement and extremely low gas fees.
To interact with the applications on BSC we require a wallet. Two of the most used wallets are MetaMask and the Binance Chain Wallet. In addition to these, you can also use Trust Wallet, Math Wallet, Ledger, TokenPocket, Bitkeep, ONTO, Safepal, and Arkane.
Connecting MetaMask to Binance Smart Chain
MetaMask can be downloaded on Chrome and Firefox, or on iOS and Android from the MetaMask Download page. From there, select whichever platform you’re using, and follow the steps to install it on your device and create a wallet.
MetaMask main page
The MetaMask wallet inherently interacts with the Ethereum public chain as seen from the top right corner of the screen which mentions the “Main Ethereum Network”. At this stage, we would be unable to interact with the Binance Smart Chain dApps. To change this, we need to access settings and point the wallet towards Binance Smart Chain nodes.
MetaMask drop down menu
On the Settings page, locate the Networks menu.
MetaMask settings page
Next click on Add Network in the top-right corner to manually add the Binance Smart Chain. It’s important to note that there are two networks we can use here: the testnet or the mainnet. Below are the parameters to fill in for both Binance Smart Chain Mainnet and Testnet.
Once you Save the Network and return to the main view, you’ll notice two things: the network has automatically been set to the one you just entered, and the units are no longer denominated in ETH, but in BNB. You might still see the Ethereum logo, but we are now interacting with the BSC.
MetaMask Binance Smart Chain
How to deposit cryptocurrencies on Binance Smart Chain using MetaMask
Once a wallet has been set up, we can withdraw from our Binance account or use the Binance Bridge.
To track our activity on the BSC blockchain, we can use BscScan which is made by the same team that made EtherScan.
Withdrawing from Binance Exchange to a BSC wallet
If you already have a Binance account, this may be the easiest option to simply withdraw from your Binance account to a BSC wallet.
Select the BEP20 compatible token, here we have taken BNB as an example. Select Withdraw and you will land on this page
MetaMask select coins
In the “Address” section, put in your BSC wallet address. Binance will automatically change the “Network” to “BEP20 (BSC)”. If it doesn’t, change it manually.
MetaMask select network
Then simply enter the amount you wish to send and click on withdraw. After a few conformations, you should see the funds arrive in your MetaMask BSC wallet.
MetaMask withdraw coin
How to use the Binance Chain Wallet Extension
Download the Binance Chain Wallet Extension from the web store. Binance Chain Wallet Extension is available ob Chrome and Firefox.
Binance Chain Wallet Extension
Transfer some funds from your Binance Exchange or MetaMask over to this Binance Chain wallet. We will use BNB as an example here.
Binance Chain Wallet Extension fund transfer
Click on “Binance Chain Network” on the top and change it to “Binance Smart Chain Network”. Copy the address and switch back to “Binance Chain Network”.
Switch to Binance Smart Chain NetworkSwitch back to Binance Chain Network
Click on Send. Paste the BSC address and click on the arrow next to send on the top left corner of the screen.
Copy address on Binance Chain Wallet Extension
Change the network back to “Binance Smart Chain Network” and congratulations, your funds will near instantly be transferred cross chain.
Another great way to bring assets to BSC is using the Binance Bridge. You can select many of the biggest blockchains, such as Ethereum or TRON, and convert their native tokens to wrapped tokens on BSC. The bridge works in both directions. You can monitor the on-chain reserve that ensures that the wrapped tokens on BSC are sufficiently collateralized by the native tokens in the Proof of Assets.
Go over to Binance Bridge and connect your MetaMask by clicking on “Change Wallet” in the top right corner of the screen. Make sure to change the settings over on MetaMask so that its pointing towards the BSC.
Binance Bridge
Once connected, pick you token you would wish to port over to your BSC. Here we have selected USDT as an example. Enter the amount you wish to send and click on next. Make sure to doublecheck the destination address.
Binance Bridge select token
Next you will be greeted with options on how you wish to complete the transaction. Select “I will send tokens from my own wallet”
Binance Bridge select transfer method
Once selected, a popup will appear with the truncation summary and confirmation. Click on Confirm.
Binance Bridge confirmation page
Next there will be a popup asking you to send the selected token and amount to an address.
Binance Bridge deposit page
Go back to your MetaMask, switch back to your Ethereum network, and send the funds from your Ethereum wallet to the address mentioned above. Switch the network back to BSC and after a few conformations, you should see your funds arrive in your MetaMask BSC wallet.
Closing thoughts
Binance Smart Chain greatly extends the functionality of the original Binance Chain. Though still in its infancy, the promise of BNB staking alongside EVM compatibility makes the platform an ideal engine for developers building powerful decentralized applications. And as long as the most popular smart contract-based blockchain, Ethereum, continues to struggle with congestion, slow transaction speeds, and exorbitant transaction fees, we can expect to see the increased adoption of more affordable alternatives like BSC, Polkadot and Cardano to continue.
However, we must keep in mind that the centralized nature of the BSC is a problem for its DeFi narrative. The only way to get onto BSC is via the central crypto exchange Binance or the central Binance Bridge. Here, the central provider has full control and can stop deposits and withdrawals on BSC at any time creating a direct bottleneck that centralizes BSC. Binance suspended withdrawals from the Binance Smart Chain to prevent a fraudster from laundering stolen cryptocurrencies. Although victims were happy about the measure, this intervention highlighted how centralized BSC ultimately is. Ethereum advocates, therefore, see BSC as more of a centralized database.
Regardless of the increasing demand for BSC and other options, Ethereum remains on top. Numerous detailed and tested documentation makes life easier for developers and the existing infrastructure, security, decentralization, and network effects adds to its appeal. The high transaction fees are an imposition, especially for smaller market participants, but at the same time show that the Ethereum network is more popular than ever before. Serious developers and companies still choose to develop their applications on Ethereum with the EIP-1559 update planned for July 2021 and Ethereum 2.0 in the horizon. Second layer solutions, such as Optimism, which promises faster and cheaper transactions, are also supposed to eliminate the scalability problem.
So, can Binance Smart Chain dethrone Ethereum? While the size and influence of the Binance exchange and the market cap of the BNB coin make it a strong contender, its centralized nature runs counter to the central ethos of the crypto economy, so it’s unlikely to replace Ethereum anytime sson. Ultimately, though, the crypto economy is not a zero sum game so a more likely scenario is that both will flourish, with the competition between them driving innovation on both networks. A deep dive into the BSC technical side can be found in the whitepaper.
Disclaimer: Cryptocurrency trading involves significant risks and may result in the loss of your capital. You should carefully consider whether trading cryptocurrencies is right for you in light of your financial condition and ability to bear financial risks. Cryptocurrency prices are highly volatile and can fluctuate widely in a short period of time. As such, trading cryptocurrencies may not be suitable for everyone. (https://attap.umd.edu/) Additionally, storing cryptocurrencies on a centralized exchange carries inherent risks, including the potential for loss due to hacking, exchange collapse, or other security breaches. We strongly advise that you seek independent professional advice before engaging in any cryptocurrency trading activities and carefully consider the security measures in place when choosing or storing your cryptocurrencies on a cryptocurrency exchange.
Gemini is a leading regulated cryptocurrency exchange founded by the Winklevoss twins in 2014, offering a secure platform to trade over 20 digital assets, including Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, and more. The following topics will be covered in this review of one of the most reputable cryptocurrency exchanges: what the Gemini crypto exchange is, a brief history, benefits and drawbacks of the platform, supported digital currencies, and all you need to know about the Gemini fees.
Gemini is a leading cryptocurrency exchange founded by twin brothers Cameron and Tyler Winklevoss in 2014. It is one of the biggest regulated crypto exchanges, operating in six continents and providing a user-friendly platform. Gemini is known for its security, with no publicly known large-scale hacks. It offers a wide range of services, including buying and selling of cryptocurrencies, trading, and custodial services. Gemini also provides a secure wallet for storing digital assets, as well as a mobile app for trading on the go. With its commitment to security and customer service, Gemini is a great choice for those looking to buy, sell, and trade cryptocurrencies.
The Winklevoss twins rose to fame in 2004 after they sued Mark Zuckerberg over Facebook. Tyler and Cameron received $65 million in damages for their claim that Zuckerberg stole their idea for the popular social network. The pair famously invested $11 million into Bitcoin in April 2013, when each coin was worth just $120. Today, their investment is valued at well over $1 billion! Gemini, the cryptocurrency exchange founded by the Winklevoss twins, is based in New York and is quickly becoming one of the most respected exchanges in the digital currency space. It was also the world’s first licensed Ether exchange in 2016. Gemini is a secure and reliable platform for trading digital assets, offering users a safe and easy way to buy, sell, and store cryptocurrencies.
Key Features of Gemini
Top cryptocurrency exchange Gemini was created with security in mind. The exchange’s unique features include:
Fiat to cryptocurrency onramp for both beginner and seasoned traders: Gemini has advanced trading options for professionals but is also easy enough for new users and regular traders to use.
OTC desk and custody at Gemini: Taking use of Gemini’s markets and security infrastructure may be desirable for institutional investors.
Free withdrawals and deposits:Gemini is perfect for retail traders because it does not charge extra fees for deposits or withdrawals of either cryptocurrency or fiat currency unless you go over designated transaction thresholds.
Outstanding customer service: At non-busy times, you will receive a response to your question in less than two hours.
Gemini is a New York State Trust Company and regulated cryptocurrency exchange and custodian that puts security first. With institutional-grade technology and protocols, the majority of assets are held in its offline cold storage system and only a small portion is held in its online hot wallet. Gemini takes important steps to help ensure its customers’ data and funds remain secure, including maintaining sensitive data such as Personally Identifiable Information (PII), banking/financial information, and other data that may directly or indirectly identify customers. Gemini is committed to protecting customers’ assets and data to ensure their security.
Gemini is a secure cryptocurrency exchange that implements field-level encryption for sensitive data in its databases, as well as encryption in transit between all production systems. It has a data classification framework to assign risk ratings to all data, and strict physical security controls to protect assets, data, and personnel. Access to systems and customer data is granted based on the employee’s role and job duties, and Gemini was the first platform to obtain insurance on its online “hot” wallet, providing USD 200 million of protection for digital assets in Gemini Custody.
Usability and Design
Gemini is a secure and reliable crypto exchange and custodial service provider, ideal for both beginners and experienced investors. It offers a user-friendly experience, a convenient mobile app, an advanced platform for traders, and interoperability between different products. Gemini’s Exchange and Custody services are perfect for those less crypto-savvy, while institutional investors can take advantage of the Custody and Gemini Clearance OTC platform. Professional traders can make the most of Gemini’s Active Trader and API tools. Gemini is a great choice for those looking for a secure and reliable crypto exchange and custodial service.
Customer Support
Gemini offers comprehensive customer support for users dealing with issues. Customers can submit a ticket request through a form using their email address, write to Customer Support at their address, call Customer Support at +1 (866) 240-5113 (toll-free in the USA), or direct message @GeminiSupport on Twitter. Gemini takes customer support seriously and users can expect a response within a few hours.
Supported Countries
Gemini is a United States-based exchange available in more than 50 countries worldwide, including North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Oceania, and Africa. To sign up for a Gemini account, customers must provide their full legal name, date of birth, address, phone number, social security number, and email. Additional documentation is required for full verification and to withdraw from the exchange, such as a valid passport, driver’s license, and/or national identity card. Canadian residents must provide a valid passport, driver’s license, and social insurance number.
Key Disadvantages of Gemini
Fees
Gemini Exchange has a complex fee structure for different products, including API fees, mobile fees, web fees, custody fees, ActiveTrader fees, and transfer fees. All orders placed via Gemini’s website and mobile phone application incur a convenience fee of 0.5% and a transaction fee based on the order amount in the account currency. API fees are based on the number of API calls made, while mobile fees are based on the order amount. Web fees are based on the order size and type, while custody fees are based on the number of assets held in custody. ActiveTrader fees are based on the order size and type, while transfer fees are based on the amount and type of transfer.
Gemini is a regulated cryptocurrency exchange that is more expensive than other exchanges for retail traders. However, it is still cheaper than Coinbase. If you are looking for an exchange with low volume transaction fees, you may want to consider BitFlyer, Kraken, Bittrex, Bitstamp, and Coinbase Pro, which charge from 0.16% to 0.5% per order without any additional trading fees. Gemini is a secure and reliable exchange, but if you are looking for a more cost-effective option, there are other exchanges available.
Gemini offers traders the option of trading via its ActiveTrader platform or API. All orders placed via either of these methods are subject to the same 30-day trading volume adjusted maker-taker fee model. This model is designed to reward traders who provide liquidity to the market by offering lower fees for maker orders, while taker orders incur higher fees. This fee model is designed to encourage market liquidity and provide traders with a competitive edge. With its competitive fees and advanced trading features, Gemini is an attractive option for traders looking to take advantage of the latest trading technology.
Which Coins Can You Buy at Gemini?
Gemini is a highly trusted and institutional-friendly exchange that only supports Bitcoin and Ethereum. This is because these two cryptocurrencies have been around long enough to prove themselves, and Gemini wants to maintain its reputation as a reliable platform. By only offering these two assets, Gemini can ensure that it won’t have to delist any assets, which would make the exchange appear less sophisticated and mature. Gemini is committed to providing a secure and reliable trading experience for its users.
Which Deposit Methods are Accepted at Gemini?
Gemini is a digital asset exchange that allows users to buy, sell, and store digital assets such as Bitcoin (BTC), Ethereum (ETH), Litecoin (LTC), Bitcoin Cash (BCH), Basic Attention Token (BAT), and Chainlink (LINK). It also accepts deposits in USD via ACH (automated clearing house) in the US and wire transfers elsewhere, as well as deposits in Bitcoin and Ether. Gemini is a secure and regulated platform that provides users with a safe and easy way to buy, sell, and store digital assets. With its advanced security measures, Gemini ensures that users’ funds are safe and secure.
Account Verification
Verifying your personal account is quick and easy with our simple step-by-step process.
Fill out the details on the following page. Your entire name, email address, and password will be included in this. Read the “user agreement” and the “privacy policy” after you’ve finished.
Please select the box to the right of the “create my account” link if you agree to the conditions of these documents. Following that, click the “create my account” link.
On the following page, enter your phone number. It’s crucial to enter the proper number because this will be used for verification. To verify that the number is actually yours, a code will be issued to your phone. This must be typed into the appropriate field.
Connecting your bank account to your Gemini exchange account is the next step. In the future, this will make adding US cash to your account much quicker. Simply provide the information requested when asked.
Upon the addition of your bank account, you must confirm your identification. In order to do this, you must provide numerous types of documentation. Although it is customary for “know your customer” and compliance checks, some prospective customers may be discouraged from enrolling as a result.
Gemini requires new users to provide both a photo ID and a proof of address, as seen in the screenshot above. They are very particular about the types of photo identification they will accept; just a passport will do! They do, however, accept a few alternative kinds of address proof.
Your account will be fully verified in one to three days. While you wait, you will have access to some features. They consist of trading between the various pairs and making bitcoin deposits. But, until the account is validated, fiat withdrawals and deposits are not permitted.
Who Should Use Gemini?
Gemini is a secure and reliable cryptocurrency exchange, ideal for professional traders and those exchanging large amounts of fiat currency for either Bitcoin or Ether. It offers enhanced security features to protect both fiat and digital currency accounts, as well as a sliding scale of fees that favors those who make lots of trades. Gemini is a great choice for those who value security and want to make lots of trades daily.
Gemini is a great place for beginner traders, adopters, or investors to start their journey into cryptocurrency. It offers a secure platform to buy, sell, and transact in Bitcoin and Ethereum. However, those looking for exposure to a wider range of digital assets may be better off using a different exchange such as Kucoin. Beginner investors who want to take up a decent position in either Bitcoin or Ethereum and demand the highest level of security should consider using Gemini.
Conclusion
Gemini is a secure and trusted cryptocurrency exchange that offers high-level security and is suitable for different kinds of investors and traders. It is not ideal for those wanting to switch in and out of various cryptocurrencies but is great for large volume and one-off buys. Gemini is supported by the likes of the Chicago Board Options Exchange for their Bitcoin futures financial product. It is important to remember that it is still not a good idea to leave your cryptocurrency on an exchange platform, even though most of Gemini’s BTC and ETH are kept offline. Other reliable exchanges, such as Binance, Kucoin and Kraken, offer more fiat currencies and more flexible platforms.
Disclaimer: Cryptocurrency trading involves significant risks and may result in the loss of your capital. You should carefully consider whether trading cryptocurrencies is right for you in light of your financial condition and ability to bear financial risks. Cryptocurrency prices are highly volatile and can fluctuate widely in a short period of time. As such, trading cryptocurrencies may not be suitable for everyone. Additionally, storing cryptocurrencies on a centralized exchange carries inherent risks, including the potential for loss due to hacking, exchange collapse, or other security breaches. We strongly advise that you seek independent professional advice before engaging in any cryptocurrency trading activities and carefully consider the security measures in place when choosing or storing your cryptocurrencies on a cryptocurrency exchange. (https://comcapllc.com)
Yield Farming is a popular method for cryptocurrency owners to gain passive income. It involves taking advantage of various incentives rewards for locking-up (aka staking) different cryptocurrencies. This article focuses on yield farming for the $YFI token which has become the highest performing yield farming pool.
Check out our video on how to potentially earn 600% returns through YFI Yield Farming!
The yEarn project has launched its own governance token – $YFI – this week, sending the Decentralized Finance (DeFi) Yield Farming scene into a frenzy. As of this article, staking stable coins (USDT, USDC, DAI, or TUSD) into the Y pool will yield an astronomical 896% Annual Percentage Yield (APY). This is due to the incentive token $YFI being distributed to staked token holders, making this the single best yield farming pool right now. This has sparked a huge amount of interest in both searches for the $YFI governance token (trending right now on coingecko). Since the token launch, more than $60 Million of new capital has been deposited into the Y pool. Calculate yield using the community made yieldfarming tool.
WARNING: Yield farming involves a high amount of risk due to the experimental nature of the Ethereum network with potentially undiscovered critical vulnerabilities. Never stake/farm more than you can afford to lose. This is not Financial Advice.
What is the yEarn (iEarn) Pool
The iEarn “Y” pool is a yield aggregator – it automatically invests its capital into different DeFi projects – selecting those with the highest yield and return on investment. As a DeFi protocol, a smart contract keeps the invested funds – which makes the project non-custodial. The pool itself is comprised of 4 different stable coins – USDT, USDC, DAI and TUSD – with a total of over $103 Million USD in currency reserves (Assets Under Management – AUM). These reserves are then lent out to different protocols that offer the best rates of return, including Compound, Aave, and dYdX. yPools are considered riskier than other DeFi products such as Compound because lend capital out to a series of protocols – which themselves could be vulnerable to critical vulnerabilities.
How to Earn the YFI Token
There are two pools that reward the YFI token for staking. The first and easiest pool to access is the Y Pool on Curve.Fi. This pool is a collection of stable coins that are automatically invested in different lending protocols. This type of pool is usually considered a higher risk due to possible vulnerabilities not just with its own smart contract, but with other smart contracts too.
How to to earn YFI tokens
Unfortunately “Yield Farming” for the YFI token has ended. When YFI first launched, all 30,000 tokens were distributed to stakers on the https://ygov.finance/staking platform. Although initially there were plans to distribute more tokens, attempts to come out with a plan to do so have all been voted down in the Y governance. This means it’s unlikely that new $YFI tokens will be distributed in the future. Other tokens such as YFII and YFV still have token distribution for yield farmers.
What is YFI token
YFI is the governance token for yEarn (previously known as iEarn). Tokenholders are entitled to vote on upcoming governance decisions for the network – such as potentially stopping all-new distribution of the token. Creator of YFI, Andre Cronje (@AndreCronjeTech) has stated that the token has no intrinsic value.
“We have released YFI, a completely valueless 0 supply token. We re-iterate, it has 0 financial value”
Andre Cronje
This being said, the current wave hype wave and token dynamics have driven up the value of the token. The token follows the “Governance” model where it’s value comes from voting on where the protocol will go next. On top of this, the incentivized Balancer pool (YFI 2%, DAI 98%) requires the staking of $YFI, which locks up further supply. Simply put, DeFi farmers are locking up YFI and DAI in order to receive BPT tokens which could be staked on ygov.finance to gain an additional $YFI. This type of cyclic farming create pseudo ponzinomics and could lead to potentially disastrous results.
Balancer Warning & new coin minting risk
One of risks that was mitigated by the team was with token issuance. Currently there is a max cap of only 30,000 YFI tokens. Earlier this week it was discovered that there was a master key which permitted YFI developer Andre Cronje to mint new coins and potentially flood the market with new coins. If he did this, it would of been possible for him to take the entirety of Pool#2 and Pool#3 on Balancer, with a total of more than $150 Million USD. Luckily this did not happen, as he quickly created a multisignature address which requires 6/9 key holders to agree to minting new tokens. The purpose of this is to remove single party risk as 6 of the 9 keyholders are required to agree to create new coins. On top of this, even if they do agree, the community will have 3 days notice before anything happens.
Overall the long term objective of YFI is to leave control of the total supply of YFI and distribution up to the community to decide. The voting aspect of YFI will allow governance token stakers to decide who to do with the platform.
YFI distribution stop
Distribution of $YFI tokens will temporarily stop as new contracts are being prepared. Times for the pools stopping are as follows:
Decentralised Finance (DeFi) series: tutorials, guides and more
With content for both beginners and more advanced users, check out our YouTube DeFi series containing tutorials on the ESSENTIAL TOOLS you need for trading in the DeFi space e.g. MetaMask and Uniswap. As well as a deep dive into popular DeFi topics such as decentralized exchanges, borrowing-lending platforms and NFT marketplaces
More videos and articles are coming soon as part of our DeFi series, so be sure to SUBSCRIBE to our Youtube channel so you can be notified as soon as they come out!
Disclaimer: Cryptocurrency trading involves significant risks and may result in the loss of your capital. You should carefully consider whether trading cryptocurrencies is right for you in light of your financial condition and ability to bear financial risks. Cryptocurrency prices are highly volatile and can fluctuate widely in a short period of time. As such, trading cryptocurrencies may not be suitable for everyone. Additionally, storing cryptocurrencies on a centralized exchange carries inherent risks, including the potential for loss due to hacking, exchange collapse, or other security breaches. We strongly advise that you seek independent professional advice before engaging in any cryptocurrency trading activities and carefully consider the security measures in place when choosing or storing your cryptocurrencies on a cryptocurrency exchange.
The Graph ($GRT) is a decentralized and open-sourced indexing protocol for blockchain data. Developers can build and publish different APIs, which are referred to as subgraphs, and perform queries through the GraphQL.
The platform can easily be used to look for any Ethereum data conveniently through simple queries. This addresses the common problem faced by a lot of other blockchain indexing platforms.
Blockchain applications face difficulties in keeping properties like finality, chain reorganization, and security in their process of fulfilling query tasks. These are also potential complications that applications usually address, but unfortunately make the process of querying time-consuming. The Graph has a workaround for this, and it is built exactly for that purpose.
Through “subgraphs,” The Graph indexes blockchain data, which users can access via the GraphQL API. According to the team, they will make it fully decentralized in the future, where more nodes will be involved and made responsible for maintaining the index.
The interest for the platform is steadily growing. In fact, they hit over a billion queries last June 2020. This was right at the time when decentralized finance was also gaining much institutional attention.
Background
Yaniv Tal, co-founder and CEO of The Graph, together with his team, has created an indexing protocol meant to ease the process of accessing blockchain data. Tal and his co-founders had personally witnessed themselves how difficult it was to actually create new applications on the Ethereum blockchain.
Thanks to their experience on applications, they have found out that there is actually no decentralized indexing and querying softwares yet for blockchain. The problem back then was that developers had to come up with their own method to gather data and transform them from different sources.
The mission of the platform, which Tal and his team developed, is to help create applications that require no servers and make Web3 accessible to everyone.
How Does The Graph Index Data?
To index Ethereum-based data, The Graph uses the “subgraph manifest.” This refers to the description of a subgraph containing data about smart contracts, blockchain events, and the procedure in mapping event data with one another, before they are all kept in the platform’s database.
The flow of the data from transactions, subgraph manifests, and the database follows a particular structure. All of it begins with decentralized applications that are adding data to the Ethereum blockchain through the help of smart contracts.
All of that data will contain a record of all events and transactions up until the point that they have achieved finality. Then comes the Graph Node, which scans the whole blockchain database, gathers new data, and filters out those that are relevant to the queries that users make. To make the indexing much easier, it identifies every information that answers the questions from subgraphs.
GraphQL is the link between blockchain data and the application that a user wants to provide it with. But then again, it is through the Graph Node that users can deliver searches to the platform. After the whole process, users can finally look at the results of their query from their applications.
Basically, this is how the cycle of data query and indexing works in the platform. Users can refer to the Graph Explorer to scan through the subgraphs that are already in the platform. Each of these subgraphs have a playground where users can perform queries through GraphQL.
As of latest, The Graph can support the indexing of data coming from Ethereum, IPFS, and PoA networks. There are more networks that the platform will support in the future. But right now, they already have more than 2,300 subgraphs deployed, which developers for applications utilize. Some of these applications are AAVE, Aragon, Balancer, DAOstack, Uniswap, Synthetix, and many others.
There is a lot of institutional support for The Graph network. Michael Anderson of Framework Ventures, said in a press release that they “couldn’t be happier to back Yaniv and the team, and we look forward to helping grow the decentralized network when it launches.”
Hayden Adams of Uniswap also shared how useful the platform was for their analytics needs: “As a company we don’t manage or run our own databases. … Right now it’s pretty difficult to get historic data from the Ethereum blockchain in an efficient way.”
Their plan, apart from expanding to other blockchains soon, is to make it community-owned and governed in the future. This is also in response to the shift of many blockchain applications to a decentralized model of governance.
Key Roles
The platform’s whole ecosystem is composed of the following:
Consumers – These are the users who pay indexers for their searches. It could also be web services or any other software linked with The Graph.
Indexers – These are the nodes that maintain the indexing function of the platform.
Curators – Using GRTs, curators identify to the subgraphs the information that is valuable for the platform’s index.
Delegators – These are other stakers who delegate their GRT to existing indexers and earn a portion of the rewards run by nodes.
Fishermen – They check whether the network’s response to queries is accurate.
Arbitrators – They decide whether an Indexer is malicious or not.
The Graph Council
The Graph plans to decentralize its governance in the future. This will most likely be similar with MakerDAO and Compound. At the point of the protocol’s maturity, the team plans to launch a Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAO) that would allow core interest groups to participate in important protocol decisions.
Similar to other DAOs, the Graph Council, which will be the governing body for the technical parameters of the protocol, is also in charge of how The Graph Foundation allocates its native, utility tokens.
Among their basic functions include decisions on allocating grants and ecosystem funding, protocol upgrades, protocol parameters, and other emergency decisions.
GRT Token ($GRT)
The Graph Token, or $GRT, is its native ERC-20 based token, which can serve as a medium of exchange and the reward distributed to community participants who function as Indexers, Curators, and Delegators.
GRT also has a vesting and distribution schedule ranging between 6 months to 10 years depending on the bucket. Around 12.5% of the total token supply (i.e. 1,224,999,438 GRT) is expected to be in circulation at launch. However this figure is exclusive of stakeable but locked tokens.
GRT token distribution at mainnet launch
The Graph launched its mainnet at 9:00a.m. (PT) on 17th December 2020. Upon launch, GRT has been distributed to all of the participants of the public sale. Members of The Graph’s Curator Program also received an initial USD $1,000 worth in rewards, with the remainder to be distributed to them on a quarterly basis based on their contributions to the Program.
The Graph Foundation also received around 20% of the supply for the future development of The Graph. In particular, contributors who want to help building on The Graph can apply to their Grants Program, around 1% of the total supply of GRT will be allocated to support these participants in 2021.
Here’s a graph showing the GRT circulation over the course of 5 years from the date of launch (i.e. 17th December 2020 at 9:00a.m. PT)
5-year GRT circulation schedule by Bucket (Image source: The Graph)
Indexers that assisted during the Testnet phase have also ben rewarded between USD$10,000 to USD$100,000 in GRT as a reward for their contributions.
In addition, around 2% of the total GRT has been granted to several Education Programs and loans totalling around 2.5% had been made to independent ecosystem partners.
Indexer Staking
In order for users to stake in the nodes that operate the whole platform and sell their services in the query market, they have to lock their GRT. In return, they are given financial rewards. If the indexers work maliciously, like altering data intentionally, the GRT that they staked will be slashed.
Mainnet now live!
The Graph Network launched its main net on 17th December 2020 after 3 years of development! According to the team the mainnet launch includes the following components: Deployment of The Graph Network contracts on Ethereum mainnet, deployment of the GRT contract, distribution of GRT to takeovers, launch of the Bug County Program and new docs for network roles.
With the mainnet launch, Indexers will first stress test and improve performance before supporting real query volume, which will be upwards of 5,000 queries per second. Of course, there will be rewards for Indexers who will now begin earning on-chain indexing rewards and query fees.
Graph Roadmap: What’s next?
Now that mainnet has launched, The Graph will continue building. The Team has stated that the Graph Foundation will work on building a production-ready Graph Explorer dApp and Gateway that will support all network contributors.
The Graph is also open to any individuals or third-parties that want to build for the network and as mentioned previously, they an apply to the Grants Program or collaborate with other community contributors.
Conclusion
Looking at the current boom of the DeFi space, we can see how important it is for developers to be able to freely access blockchain data. Making the process faster and less difficult for everyone could potentially influence the growth of the space as well as its reliability, security, and capacity.
Everyone saw the need to create a bridge of information between applications and blockchain data. The Graph sought out to answer that.
And with the deployment of smart contracts that depend on user data, The Graph has proven itself to be easy to use, cost-efficient, and fast. The platform is seen as a promising tool to empower everyone in the community, especially those who are developing more use cases for the blockchain.
Decentralised Finance (DeFi) series: tutorials, guides and more
With content for both beginners and more advanced users, check out our YouTube DeFi series containing tutorials on the ESSENTIAL TOOLS you need for trading in the DeFi space e.g. MetaMask and Uniswap. As well as a deep dive into popular DeFi topics such as decentralized exchanges, borrowing-lending platforms and NFT marketplaces
More videos and articles are coming soon as part of our DeFi series, so be sure to SUBSCRIBE to our Youtube channel so you can be notified as soon as they come out!
Disclaimer: Cryptocurrency trading involves significant risks and may result in the loss of your capital. You should carefully consider whether trading cryptocurrencies is right for you in light of your financial condition and ability to bear financial risks. Cryptocurrency prices are highly volatile and can fluctuate widely in a short period of time. As such, trading cryptocurrencies may not be suitable for everyone. Additionally, storing cryptocurrencies on a centralized exchange carries inherent risks, including the potential for loss due to hacking, exchange collapse, or other security breaches. We strongly advise that you seek independent professional advice before engaging in any cryptocurrency trading activities and carefully consider the security measures in place when choosing or storing your cryptocurrencies on a cryptocurrency exchange.
Paralink Network is a platform built on Polkadot sourcing crucial real-world data for decentralised finance (DeFi) applications.
Blockchain technology has huge potential, but blockchain applications are limited by what real-world data they can access. Without this crucial real-world data, blockchain cannot be used in areas like prediction markets, insurance, litigation, or other coordination problems that rely on social institutions and corporations. This is commonly known as the oracle problem.
While several solutions, like Chainlink’s decentralized oracles, are already being used, Paralink has made its own headway through the development of a cheap and efficient solution.
Background
Jan Knezevic, Founder and CEO of Paralink, is a Slovenian auditor who had previously worked in financial units, such as KPMG, one of the Big Four accounting organizations, in 2018.
During his time there, he developed an appreciation of blockchain technology. Like many other cryptocurrency enthusiasts, he was able to recognize the restrictions of blockchain applications when exchanging real-world information.
He saw that for such applications to be useful for complex industries like the stock market, they had to have verified information flow from the real world. Realizing that the gambling industry also needed reliable data flow, especially for platforms like casino utan svensk licens, he set out to bring a scalable cost-effective solution to the problem. This led to the development of the project now known as Paralink.
What is Paralink?
Paralink is an oracle platform that provides real-world data ingress across multi-chain networks. The platform makes it possible for applications built on blockchain networks like Ethereum and Polkadotto interact with traditional web interfaces.
It is developed to help distributed systems communicate effectively with each other as well as the outside world. With Polkadot providing the supporting architecture and framework for its integration, Paralink functions as a substrate.
In addition to collecting and organizing real-world data for Blockchain application, the platform also confirms their validity. The data could be anything from sports, weather, elections to financial data, stock, foreign exchange, etc.
It can carry out all these functions through an open-source software called the ‘Paralink node’. The platform is currently designed with a focus on financial applications like the stock market and insurance.
How the Paralink Node Works
The Paralink node is the center of the platform. As stated, the node is open-source software. It is built to access and collect real-world data that channels back to smart contracts via callbacks.
The node can be run independently as a centralized medium for real-world data into blockchain applications. That way, the solution is much cheaper. However, it is more practical for a node to be operated by self-organizing quorums to provide a strong, sustainable data ingress service.
The node is compatible with different data protocols including JSON, HTML, XML, SQL and Grpc. The creators are working to improve its interaction on different APIs actively.
Developers can then query data from sources outside of the Blockchain using Paralink Query Language (PQL).
Currently, the Paralink node is built to support just the Ethereum and Polkadot blockchain network. However, the long term goal is to build a flexible node compatible with any public chain, thanks to the node’s architecture and open-source model.
How Paralink is Secured
To achieve the goal described in its whitepaper, Paralink has to be effectively flexible enough to be compatible with a wide range of Blockchain applications and protocols. To this end, the platform is offered in three different security models, each with varying characteristics concerning cost, convenience, and security.
Simple Ingress
This is the most cost-effective model available. Here, Paralink nodes are available for use on multi-chain networks via any third-party data source. The model is simple to implement through PQL definition. It is also fast and can certify the authenticity of multiple data sources.
It has a major drawback, however, in that it requires trust in a centralized node operator. Furthermore, it is also ineffective for complex financial applications.
Trusted Ingress
This model is an upgrade to the first-described simple ingress, which utilizes encrypting PQL results with cryptography. The results are accompanied by private decryption keys from reputable data providers.
As a step-up from the rudimentary model, it is highly functional for financial applications. Other types of applications like prediction markets and gambling platforms can be also covered.
Trusted ingress is also cheap and effortless to implement. Moreover, callback support is also available to all chains without the need for a bridge. However, it is susceptible to being breached due to a single point of failure.
On-chain Security
On-chain security is the last security model available, which does not depend on a single source for verification. Hence, it is almost impossible to break. This is especially useful for money markets, derivatives, and other financial applications that involve high-stakes.
On the other hand, the model needs linking networks (bridges) like Ethereum and Polkadot, hence, requires more chain coordination to pull off.
Para Token ($PARA)
PARA is the native governance token of the Paralink platform. Users are incentivized to hold PARA tokens in order to enjoy governance rights and earn APY based on the amount they hold (which in turn must be staked).
PARA tokenomics
There is a maximum supply of 10 billion PARA tokens. The allocation and distribution of PARA tokens are as follows:
The distribution system is quite similar to other crypto protocols. 13.5% of the total would be shared among the developing team after a vesting period of two years. About 18% would be kept as reserve to as a buffer. 20% would be disbursed as nominator rewards, another 20% for Validator rewards.
10% would be deployed for the ecosystem. This will serve as incentives for early Paralink adopters and relayers.
Paralink Network ($PARA) token public sale?
In an update on 1 February 2021, Paralink have confirmed that they will not be holding a public sale of the PARA token. Their reason for this is due to the inherent unfairness of the auction process, and difficulties in completing the KYC process for purchasers.
However, Paralink still wants its eventual token holders (who can purchase the token when it is listed on exchanges) to have more incentives. So the tokens that were initially reserved for the public sale will now go into the lockup rewards pool.
Conclusion
Without a doubt, the cryptocurrency industry’s future depends on how well its application can integrate with the real world. To elaborate, financial applications need to be able to exchange real-time information with real-world entities to ensure an accurate, reliable evaluation of assets for buyers and sellers — which is the basis for Paralink nodes’ development.
Blockchain networks would require secure and cost-effective solutions like this for seamless communication among the various chains, as well as the outside world before it can unleash its latent potentials.
Decentralised Finance (DeFi) series: tutorials, guides and more
With content for both beginners and more advanced users, check out our YouTube DeFi series containing tutorials on the ESSENTIAL TOOLS you need for trading in the DeFi space e.g. MetaMask and Uniswap. As well as a deep dive into popular DeFi topics such as decentralized exchanges, borrowing-lending platforms and NFT marketplaces
More videos and articles are coming soon as part of our DeFi series, so be sure to SUBSCRIBE to our Youtube channel so you can be notified as soon as they come out!
Disclaimer: Cryptocurrency trading involves significant risks and may result in the loss of your capital. You should carefully consider whether trading cryptocurrencies is right for you in light of your financial condition and ability to bear financial risks. Cryptocurrency prices are highly volatile and can fluctuate widely in a short period of time. As such, trading cryptocurrencies may not be suitable for everyone. Additionally, storing cryptocurrencies on a centralized exchange carries inherent risks, including the potential for loss due to hacking, exchange collapse, or other security breaches. We strongly advise that you seek independent professional advice before engaging in any cryptocurrency trading activities and carefully consider the security measures in place when choosing or storing your cryptocurrencies on a cryptocurrency exchange.
